Changed styles some
This commit is contained in:
Jonatan Pålsson
parent
7780459cd3
commit
a49a9e948e
3 changed files with 488 additions and 458 deletions
|
|
@ -32,12 +32,16 @@
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchappagefont}{\bfseries}
|
\renewcommand{\cftchappagefont}{\bfseries}
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchappresnum}{Chapter }
|
\renewcommand{\cftchappresnum}{Chapter }
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchapnumwidth}{6em}
|
\renewcommand{\cftchapnumwidth}{6em}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\oddsidemargin 0.5in
|
\oddsidemargin 0.5in
|
||||||
\textwidth 6in
|
\textwidth 6in
|
||||||
\topmargin 0.0in
|
\topmargin 0.0in
|
||||||
\textheight 8.0in
|
\textheight 8.0in
|
||||||
\setlength\topskip{24pt}
|
\setlength\topskip{24pt}
|
||||||
\footskip 0.75in
|
\footskip 0.75in
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\usepackage[compact]{titlesec}
|
||||||
|
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]{\bfseries\vskip-8em}{}{8ex}{\huge\thechapter. }[\titlerule]
|
||||||
\end_preamble
|
\end_preamble
|
||||||
\use_default_options true
|
\use_default_options true
|
||||||
\language english
|
\language english
|
||||||
|
|
@ -53,10 +57,10 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\graphics default
|
\graphics default
|
||||||
\paperfontsize default
|
\paperfontsize default
|
||||||
\spacing double
|
\spacing onehalf
|
||||||
\use_hyperref false
|
\use_hyperref false
|
||||||
\papersize default
|
\papersize a4paper
|
||||||
\use_geometry true
|
\use_geometry false
|
||||||
\use_amsmath 1
|
\use_amsmath 1
|
||||||
\use_esint 1
|
\use_esint 1
|
||||||
\cite_engine natbib_authoryear
|
\cite_engine natbib_authoryear
|
||||||
|
|
@ -65,17 +69,17 @@
|
||||||
\paperwidth 11in
|
\paperwidth 11in
|
||||||
\paperheight 8.5in
|
\paperheight 8.5in
|
||||||
\leftmargin 1.25in
|
\leftmargin 1.25in
|
||||||
\topmargin 1in
|
\topmargin 0in
|
||||||
\rightmargin 1in
|
\rightmargin 1in
|
||||||
\bottommargin 1.7in
|
\bottommargin 1.7in
|
||||||
\secnumdepth 3
|
\secnumdepth 2
|
||||||
\tocdepth 3
|
\tocdepth 2
|
||||||
\paragraph_separation indent
|
\paragraph_separation indent
|
||||||
\defskip medskip
|
\defskip smallskip
|
||||||
\quotes_language english
|
\quotes_language english
|
||||||
\papercolumns 1
|
\papercolumns 1
|
||||||
\papersides 1
|
\papersides 1
|
||||||
\paperpagestyle default
|
\paperpagestyle empty
|
||||||
\tracking_changes false
|
\tracking_changes false
|
||||||
\output_changes false
|
\output_changes false
|
||||||
\author ""
|
\author ""
|
||||||
|
|
@ -104,6 +108,10 @@ Richard Pannek
|
||||||
Matias Petterson
|
Matias Petterson
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Abstract
|
||||||
|
This is the abstract!
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
||||||
status open
|
status open
|
||||||
|
|
@ -193,122 +201,6 @@ status open
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Tables}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftlottitlefont}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
Large}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftafterlottitle}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cfttabpresnum}{Table~}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
setlength
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cfttabnumwidth{60pt}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset FloatList table
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
||||||
status open
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Figures}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftloftitlefont}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
Large}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftafterloftitle}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftfigpresnum}{Figure~}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
setlength
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftfignumwidth{60pt}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset FloatList figure
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
||||||
status open
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
\backslash
|
||||||
pagenumbering{arabic}
|
pagenumbering{arabic}
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
@ -680,7 +572,43 @@ In GGS, we have separated the system in to two large supervised parts.
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset Graphics
|
||||||
|
filename supervisors.png
|
||||||
|
scale 40
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
The graphic above shows our two subsystems, the coordinator subsystem and
|
||||||
|
the dispatcher subsystem.
|
||||||
|
Since these two systems perform very different tasks they have been separated.
|
||||||
|
Each subsystem has one worker process, the coordinator or the dispatcher.
|
||||||
|
The worker process keeps a state which should not be lost upon a crash.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
We have chosen to let faulty processes crash very easily when they receive
|
||||||
|
bad data, or something unexpected happens.
|
||||||
|
The alternative to crashing would have been to try and fix this faulty
|
||||||
|
data, or to foresee the unexpected events.
|
||||||
|
We chose not to do this because it is so simple to monitor and restart
|
||||||
|
processes, and so difficult to try and mend broken states.
|
||||||
|
This approach is something widely deployed in the Erlang world, and developers
|
||||||
|
are often encouraged to “Let it crash”.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
To prevent any data loss, the good state of the worker processes is stored
|
||||||
|
in their respective backup processes.
|
||||||
|
When a worker process (re)starts, it asks the backup process for any previous
|
||||||
|
state, if there is any that state is loaded in to the worker and it proceeds
|
||||||
|
where it left off.
|
||||||
|
If on the other hand no state is available, a special message is delivered
|
||||||
|
instead, making the worker create a new state, this is what happens when
|
||||||
|
the workers are first created.
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
||||||
|
|
@ -703,14 +631,128 @@ Problems
|
||||||
Erlang JS
|
Erlang JS
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
To be able to run JavaScript on our server we needed to embed a JavaScript
|
||||||
|
engine within the server.
|
||||||
|
After a thorough investigation erlang_js became our choice.
|
||||||
|
erlang_js provides direct communication with a JavaScript VM (Virtual Machine).
|
||||||
|
This was exactly what we wanted, but we also needed the possibility to
|
||||||
|
communicate from erlang_js to Erlang.
|
||||||
|
This functionality was not yet implemented in erlang_js, due to lack of
|
||||||
|
time.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
There were two possible solutions to the problem.
|
||||||
|
We could rewrite some part of erlang_js, or we could switch erlang_js for
|
||||||
|
some other JavaScript engine.
|
||||||
|
Searching for other engines we found erlv8 and beam.js which provided the
|
||||||
|
functionality that we wanted.
|
||||||
|
As we tested beam.js it occurred random crashes of the whole Erlang environment.
|
||||||
|
These crashes were related to the use of erlv8 in beam.js and we decided
|
||||||
|
that the use of erlv8 was not an alternative due to the stability issues.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
To get the functionality needed we decided to implement this in erlang_js.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
||||||
UUID
|
UUID
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
Erlang identifies processes uniquely throughout the entire Erlang network
|
||||||
|
using process IDs (PID).
|
||||||
|
When we wish to refer to erlang processes from outside our erlang system,
|
||||||
|
for example in a virtual machine for a different language, possibly on
|
||||||
|
a different machine, these PIDs are no longer useful.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
This problem is not new, and a common solution is to use a Universally Unique
|
||||||
|
Identifier, a UUID.
|
||||||
|
These identifiers are generated both using randomization and using time.
|
||||||
|
A reasonably large number of UUIDs can be generated before a collision
|
||||||
|
should occur.
|
||||||
|
There are standard tools in many UNIX systems to generate UUIDs, we chose
|
||||||
|
to use the uuidgen command, which employs an equidistributed combined Tausworth
|
||||||
|
e generator.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Section
|
\begin_layout Section
|
||||||
Design choices
|
Design choices
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
When designing concurrent applications, it is useful to picture them as
|
||||||
|
real world scenarios, and to model each actor# as a real world process.
|
||||||
|
A real world process is a process which performs some action in the real
|
||||||
|
world, such as a mailbox receiving a letter, a door being opened, a person
|
||||||
|
translating a text, a soccer player kicking the ball, just to name a few
|
||||||
|
examples.
|
||||||
|
Since we focus on games in this project, it is suitable to model our system
|
||||||
|
as a place where games take place.
|
||||||
|
We imagined a chess club.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
The clients pictured as green circles can be thought of as the physical
|
||||||
|
chess players.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
When a player wants to enter the our particular chess club, he must first
|
||||||
|
be let in by the doorman, called the Dispatcher in GGS.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
He then gets a name badge, and thus becomes a Player process in the system.
|
||||||
|
He is also guided in to the lobby by the Coordinator, which has the role
|
||||||
|
of the host of the chess club.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
When players wish to play against each other, they talk to the Coordinator
|
||||||
|
who pairs them up, and places them at a table.
|
||||||
|
Once they have sat down at the table, they no longer need the assistance
|
||||||
|
of the Coordinator, all further communication takes place via the table.
|
||||||
|
This can be thought of as the actual chess game commencing.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
All the moves made in the game are recorded by the table, such that the
|
||||||
|
table can restore the game in case something would happen, such as the
|
||||||
|
table tipping over, which would represent the table process crashing.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
Once a player wishes to leave a game, or the entire facility, he should
|
||||||
|
contact the Coordinator, who revokes his name badge and the Dispatcher
|
||||||
|
will let the player out.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
With the information kept in the tables and the Coordinator combined, we
|
||||||
|
can rebuild the entire state of the server at a different location.
|
||||||
|
This can be thought of the chess club catching fire, and the Coordinator
|
||||||
|
rounding up all the tables, running to a new location and building the
|
||||||
|
club up in the exact state it was prior to the fire.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset Graphics
|
||||||
|
filename system_structure.png
|
||||||
|
scale 40
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Section
|
\begin_layout Section
|
||||||
Understanding OTP
|
Understanding OTP
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
@ -735,51 +777,87 @@ Statistics
|
||||||
Conclusion
|
Conclusion
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Chapter
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
References
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-1"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Chapter
|
|
||||||
Appendix
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
Text goes here...
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Section
|
|
||||||
Objectives
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Savor, T.; Seviora, R.E.; , "Hierarchical supervisors for automatic detection
|
||||||
|
of software failures," PROCEEDINGS The Eighth International Symposium On
|
||||||
|
Software Reliability Engineering , vol., no., pp.48-59, 2-5 Nov1997 doi: 10.1109/IS
|
||||||
|
SRE.1997.630847 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=630847&i
|
||||||
|
snumber=13710
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
Figures go here...
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-6"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Chapter
|
|
||||||
Methodology
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Section
|
|
||||||
Overview
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
Text goes here...
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vinoski, S.; , "Reliability with Erlang," Internet Computing, IEEE , vol.11,
|
||||||
|
no.6, pp.79-81, Nov.-Dec.
|
||||||
|
2007 doi: 10.1109/MIC.2007.132 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&ar
|
||||||
|
number=4376232&isnumber=4376216
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
Figures go here...
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-5"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
CESARINI, F., & THOMPSON, S.
|
||||||
|
(2009).
|
||||||
|
Erlang programming.
|
||||||
|
Beijing, O'Reilly.
|
||||||
|
pp.139
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-4"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"Erlang/OTP Product Information: Technical Description of Erlang." Home of
|
||||||
|
Erlang/OTP.
|
||||||
|
Web.
|
||||||
|
01 Mar.
|
||||||
|
2011.
|
||||||
|
<http://www.erlang.se/productinfo/erlang_tech.shtml>.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-3"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Joe Armstrong – Armstrong, J.
|
||||||
|
[2011].
|
||||||
|
If Erlang is the answer, then what is the question?.
|
||||||
|
[1].
|
||||||
|
IT University.
|
||||||
|
Computer Science and Engineering, 15/2/2011
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-2"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Gul Abdulnabi Agha (1985).
|
||||||
|
ACTORS: A MODEL OF CONCURRENT COMPUTATION IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS.
|
||||||
|
Ph.D thesis, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT.
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_body
|
\end_body
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -32,12 +32,16 @@
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchappagefont}{\bfseries}
|
\renewcommand{\cftchappagefont}{\bfseries}
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchappresnum}{Chapter }
|
\renewcommand{\cftchappresnum}{Chapter }
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchapnumwidth}{6em}
|
\renewcommand{\cftchapnumwidth}{6em}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\oddsidemargin 0.5in
|
\oddsidemargin 0.5in
|
||||||
\textwidth 6in
|
\textwidth 6in
|
||||||
\topmargin 0.0in
|
\topmargin 0.0in
|
||||||
\textheight 8.0in
|
\textheight 8.0in
|
||||||
\setlength\topskip{24pt}
|
\setlength\topskip{24pt}
|
||||||
\footskip 0.75in
|
\footskip 0.75in
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\usepackage[compact]{titlesec}
|
||||||
|
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]{\bfseries\vskip-8em}{}{8ex}{\huge\thechapter. }[\titlerule]
|
||||||
\end_preamble
|
\end_preamble
|
||||||
\use_default_options true
|
\use_default_options true
|
||||||
\language english
|
\language english
|
||||||
|
|
@ -53,10 +57,10 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\graphics default
|
\graphics default
|
||||||
\paperfontsize default
|
\paperfontsize default
|
||||||
\spacing double
|
\spacing onehalf
|
||||||
\use_hyperref false
|
\use_hyperref false
|
||||||
\papersize default
|
\papersize a4paper
|
||||||
\use_geometry true
|
\use_geometry false
|
||||||
\use_amsmath 1
|
\use_amsmath 1
|
||||||
\use_esint 1
|
\use_esint 1
|
||||||
\cite_engine natbib_authoryear
|
\cite_engine natbib_authoryear
|
||||||
|
|
@ -65,17 +69,17 @@
|
||||||
\paperwidth 11in
|
\paperwidth 11in
|
||||||
\paperheight 8.5in
|
\paperheight 8.5in
|
||||||
\leftmargin 1.25in
|
\leftmargin 1.25in
|
||||||
\topmargin 1in
|
\topmargin 0in
|
||||||
\rightmargin 1in
|
\rightmargin 1in
|
||||||
\bottommargin 1.7in
|
\bottommargin 1.7in
|
||||||
\secnumdepth 3
|
\secnumdepth 2
|
||||||
\tocdepth 3
|
\tocdepth 2
|
||||||
\paragraph_separation indent
|
\paragraph_separation indent
|
||||||
\defskip medskip
|
\defskip smallskip
|
||||||
\quotes_language english
|
\quotes_language english
|
||||||
\papercolumns 1
|
\papercolumns 1
|
||||||
\papersides 1
|
\papersides 1
|
||||||
\paperpagestyle default
|
\paperpagestyle empty
|
||||||
\tracking_changes false
|
\tracking_changes false
|
||||||
\output_changes false
|
\output_changes false
|
||||||
\author ""
|
\author ""
|
||||||
|
|
@ -104,6 +108,10 @@ Richard Pannek
|
||||||
Matias Petterson
|
Matias Petterson
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Abstract
|
||||||
|
This is the abstract!
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
||||||
status open
|
status open
|
||||||
|
|
@ -193,122 +201,6 @@ status open
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Tables}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftlottitlefont}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
Large}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftafterlottitle}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cfttabpresnum}{Table~}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
setlength
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cfttabnumwidth{60pt}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset FloatList table
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
||||||
status open
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Figures}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftloftitlefont}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
Large}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftafterloftitle}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftfigpresnum}{Figure~}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
setlength
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftfignumwidth{60pt}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset FloatList figure
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
||||||
status open
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
\backslash
|
||||||
pagenumbering{arabic}
|
pagenumbering{arabic}
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
@ -885,18 +777,6 @@ Statistics
|
||||||
Conclusion
|
Conclusion
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Chapter
|
|
||||||
References
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Chapter
|
|
||||||
Appendix
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
Text goes here..
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -32,12 +32,16 @@
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchappagefont}{\bfseries}
|
\renewcommand{\cftchappagefont}{\bfseries}
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchappresnum}{Chapter }
|
\renewcommand{\cftchappresnum}{Chapter }
|
||||||
\renewcommand{\cftchapnumwidth}{6em}
|
\renewcommand{\cftchapnumwidth}{6em}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\oddsidemargin 0.5in
|
\oddsidemargin 0.5in
|
||||||
\textwidth 6in
|
\textwidth 6in
|
||||||
\topmargin 0.0in
|
\topmargin 0.0in
|
||||||
\textheight 8.0in
|
\textheight 8.0in
|
||||||
\setlength\topskip{24pt}
|
\setlength\topskip{24pt}
|
||||||
\footskip 0.75in
|
\footskip 0.75in
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\usepackage[compact]{titlesec}
|
||||||
|
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]{\bfseries}{ }{0ex}{\huge}[\titlerule]
|
||||||
\end_preamble
|
\end_preamble
|
||||||
\use_default_options true
|
\use_default_options true
|
||||||
\language english
|
\language english
|
||||||
|
|
@ -53,10 +57,10 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\graphics default
|
\graphics default
|
||||||
\paperfontsize default
|
\paperfontsize default
|
||||||
\spacing double
|
\spacing onehalf
|
||||||
\use_hyperref false
|
\use_hyperref false
|
||||||
\papersize default
|
\papersize a4paper
|
||||||
\use_geometry true
|
\use_geometry false
|
||||||
\use_amsmath 1
|
\use_amsmath 1
|
||||||
\use_esint 1
|
\use_esint 1
|
||||||
\cite_engine natbib_authoryear
|
\cite_engine natbib_authoryear
|
||||||
|
|
@ -65,17 +69,17 @@
|
||||||
\paperwidth 11in
|
\paperwidth 11in
|
||||||
\paperheight 8.5in
|
\paperheight 8.5in
|
||||||
\leftmargin 1.25in
|
\leftmargin 1.25in
|
||||||
\topmargin 1in
|
\topmargin 0in
|
||||||
\rightmargin 1in
|
\rightmargin 1in
|
||||||
\bottommargin 1.7in
|
\bottommargin 1.7in
|
||||||
\secnumdepth 3
|
\secnumdepth 2
|
||||||
\tocdepth 3
|
\tocdepth 2
|
||||||
\paragraph_separation indent
|
\paragraph_separation indent
|
||||||
\defskip medskip
|
\defskip smallskip
|
||||||
\quotes_language english
|
\quotes_language english
|
||||||
\papercolumns 1
|
\papercolumns 1
|
||||||
\papersides 1
|
\papersides 1
|
||||||
\paperpagestyle default
|
\paperpagestyle empty
|
||||||
\tracking_changes false
|
\tracking_changes false
|
||||||
\output_changes false
|
\output_changes false
|
||||||
\author ""
|
\author ""
|
||||||
|
|
@ -104,6 +108,10 @@ Richard Pannek
|
||||||
Matias Petterson
|
Matias Petterson
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Abstract
|
||||||
|
This is the abstract!
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
||||||
status open
|
status open
|
||||||
|
|
@ -193,122 +201,6 @@ status open
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Tables}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftlottitlefont}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
Large}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftafterlottitle}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cfttabpresnum}{Table~}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
setlength
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cfttabnumwidth{60pt}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset FloatList table
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
||||||
status open
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Figures}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftloftitlefont}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
Large}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftafterloftitle}{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
hfill}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
renewcommand{
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftfigpresnum}{Figure~}
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
setlength
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
|
||||||
cftfignumwidth{60pt}
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset FloatList figure
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
||||||
status open
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\backslash
|
\backslash
|
||||||
pagenumbering{arabic}
|
pagenumbering{arabic}
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
@ -682,13 +574,43 @@ In GGS, we have separated the system in to two large supervised parts.
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
\begin_inset Graphics
|
\begin_inset Graphics
|
||||||
filename supervisors.png
|
filename supervisors.png
|
||||||
scale 50
|
scale 40
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
The graphic above shows our two subsystems, the coordinator subsystem and
|
||||||
|
the dispatcher subsystem.
|
||||||
|
Since these two systems perform very different tasks they have been separated.
|
||||||
|
Each subsystem has one worker process, the coordinator or the dispatcher.
|
||||||
|
The worker process keeps a state which should not be lost upon a crash.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
We have chosen to let faulty processes crash very easily when they receive
|
||||||
|
bad data, or something unexpected happens.
|
||||||
|
The alternative to crashing would have been to try and fix this faulty
|
||||||
|
data, or to foresee the unexpected events.
|
||||||
|
We chose not to do this because it is so simple to monitor and restart
|
||||||
|
processes, and so difficult to try and mend broken states.
|
||||||
|
This approach is something widely deployed in the Erlang world, and developers
|
||||||
|
are often encouraged to “Let it crash”.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
To prevent any data loss, the good state of the worker processes is stored
|
||||||
|
in their respective backup processes.
|
||||||
|
When a worker process (re)starts, it asks the backup process for any previous
|
||||||
|
state, if there is any that state is loaded in to the worker and it proceeds
|
||||||
|
where it left off.
|
||||||
|
If on the other hand no state is available, a special message is delivered
|
||||||
|
instead, making the worker create a new state, this is what happens when
|
||||||
|
the workers are first created.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
||||||
Hot code replacement
|
Hot code replacement
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
@ -709,14 +631,128 @@ Problems
|
||||||
Erlang JS
|
Erlang JS
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
To be able to run JavaScript on our server we needed to embed a JavaScript
|
||||||
|
engine within the server.
|
||||||
|
After a thorough investigation erlang_js became our choice.
|
||||||
|
erlang_js provides direct communication with a JavaScript VM (Virtual Machine).
|
||||||
|
This was exactly what we wanted, but we also needed the possibility to
|
||||||
|
communicate from erlang_js to Erlang.
|
||||||
|
This functionality was not yet implemented in erlang_js, due to lack of
|
||||||
|
time.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
There were two possible solutions to the problem.
|
||||||
|
We could rewrite some part of erlang_js, or we could switch erlang_js for
|
||||||
|
some other JavaScript engine.
|
||||||
|
Searching for other engines we found erlv8 and beam.js which provided the
|
||||||
|
functionality that we wanted.
|
||||||
|
As we tested beam.js it occurred random crashes of the whole Erlang environment.
|
||||||
|
These crashes were related to the use of erlv8 in beam.js and we decided
|
||||||
|
that the use of erlv8 was not an alternative due to the stability issues.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
To get the functionality needed we decided to implement this in erlang_js.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
||||||
UUID
|
UUID
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
Erlang identifies processes uniquely throughout the entire Erlang network
|
||||||
|
using process IDs (PID).
|
||||||
|
When we wish to refer to erlang processes from outside our erlang system,
|
||||||
|
for example in a virtual machine for a different language, possibly on
|
||||||
|
a different machine, these PIDs are no longer useful.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
This problem is not new, and a common solution is to use a Universally Unique
|
||||||
|
Identifier, a UUID.
|
||||||
|
These identifiers are generated both using randomization and using time.
|
||||||
|
A reasonably large number of UUIDs can be generated before a collision
|
||||||
|
should occur.
|
||||||
|
There are standard tools in many UNIX systems to generate UUIDs, we chose
|
||||||
|
to use the uuidgen command, which employs an equidistributed combined Tausworth
|
||||||
|
e generator.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Section
|
\begin_layout Section
|
||||||
Design choices
|
Design choices
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
When designing concurrent applications, it is useful to picture them as
|
||||||
|
real world scenarios, and to model each actor# as a real world process.
|
||||||
|
A real world process is a process which performs some action in the real
|
||||||
|
world, such as a mailbox receiving a letter, a door being opened, a person
|
||||||
|
translating a text, a soccer player kicking the ball, just to name a few
|
||||||
|
examples.
|
||||||
|
Since we focus on games in this project, it is suitable to model our system
|
||||||
|
as a place where games take place.
|
||||||
|
We imagined a chess club.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
The clients pictured as green circles can be thought of as the physical
|
||||||
|
chess players.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
When a player wants to enter the our particular chess club, he must first
|
||||||
|
be let in by the doorman, called the Dispatcher in GGS.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
He then gets a name badge, and thus becomes a Player process in the system.
|
||||||
|
He is also guided in to the lobby by the Coordinator, which has the role
|
||||||
|
of the host of the chess club.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
When players wish to play against each other, they talk to the Coordinator
|
||||||
|
who pairs them up, and places them at a table.
|
||||||
|
Once they have sat down at the table, they no longer need the assistance
|
||||||
|
of the Coordinator, all further communication takes place via the table.
|
||||||
|
This can be thought of as the actual chess game commencing.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
All the moves made in the game are recorded by the table, such that the
|
||||||
|
table can restore the game in case something would happen, such as the
|
||||||
|
table tipping over, which would represent the table process crashing.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
Once a player wishes to leave a game, or the entire facility, he should
|
||||||
|
contact the Coordinator, who revokes his name badge and the Dispatcher
|
||||||
|
will let the player out.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
With the information kept in the tables and the Coordinator combined, we
|
||||||
|
can rebuild the entire state of the server at a different location.
|
||||||
|
This can be thought of the chess club catching fire, and the Coordinator
|
||||||
|
rounding up all the tables, running to a new location and building the
|
||||||
|
club up in the exact state it was prior to the fire.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset Graphics
|
||||||
|
filename system_structure.png
|
||||||
|
scale 40
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Section
|
\begin_layout Section
|
||||||
Understanding OTP
|
Understanding OTP
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
@ -741,51 +777,87 @@ Statistics
|
||||||
Conclusion
|
Conclusion
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Chapter
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
References
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-1"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Chapter
|
|
||||||
Appendix
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
Text goes here...
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Section
|
|
||||||
Objectives
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Savor, T.; Seviora, R.E.; , "Hierarchical supervisors for automatic detection
|
||||||
|
of software failures," PROCEEDINGS The Eighth International Symposium On
|
||||||
|
Software Reliability Engineering , vol., no., pp.48-59, 2-5 Nov1997 doi: 10.1109/IS
|
||||||
|
SRE.1997.630847 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=630847&i
|
||||||
|
snumber=13710
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
Figures go here...
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-6"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Chapter
|
|
||||||
Methodology
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Section
|
|
||||||
Overview
|
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
||||||
Text goes here...
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vinoski, S.; , "Reliability with Erlang," Internet Computing, IEEE , vol.11,
|
||||||
|
no.6, pp.79-81, Nov.-Dec.
|
||||||
|
2007 doi: 10.1109/MIC.2007.132 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&ar
|
||||||
|
number=4376232&isnumber=4376216
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
Figures go here...
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-5"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
CESARINI, F., & THOMPSON, S.
|
||||||
|
(2009).
|
||||||
|
Erlang programming.
|
||||||
|
Beijing, O'Reilly.
|
||||||
|
pp.139
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-4"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"Erlang/OTP Product Information: Technical Description of Erlang." Home of
|
||||||
|
Erlang/OTP.
|
||||||
|
Web.
|
||||||
|
01 Mar.
|
||||||
|
2011.
|
||||||
|
<http://www.erlang.se/productinfo/erlang_tech.shtml>.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-3"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Joe Armstrong – Armstrong, J.
|
||||||
|
[2011].
|
||||||
|
If Erlang is the answer, then what is the question?.
|
||||||
|
[1].
|
||||||
|
IT University.
|
||||||
|
Computer Science and Engineering, 15/2/2011
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||||||
|
key "key-2"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Gul Abdulnabi Agha (1985).
|
||||||
|
ACTORS: A MODEL OF CONCURRENT COMPUTATION IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS.
|
||||||
|
Ph.D thesis, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT.
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_body
|
\end_body
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
Reference in a new issue