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1-js/05-data-types/03-string/article.md
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@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ Looks natural, right? But single or double quotes do not work this way.
If we use them and try to use multiple lines, there'll be an error: If we use them and try to use multiple lines, there'll be an error:
```js run ```js run
let guestList = "Guests: // Error: Unexpected token ILLEGAL let guestList = "Guests: // Error: Unexpected token ILLEGAL
* John"; * John";
@ -53,7 +52,6 @@ Single and double quotes come from ancient times of language creation when the n
Backticks also allow us to specify a "template function" before the first backtick. The syntax is: <code>func&#96;string&#96;</code>. The function `func` is called automatically, receives the string and embedded expressions and can process them. You can read more about it in the [docs](mdn:/JavaScript/Reference/Template_literals#Tagged_template_literals). This is called "tagged templates". This feature makes it easier to wrap strings into custom templating or other functionality, but it is rarely used. Backticks also allow us to specify a "template function" before the first backtick. The syntax is: <code>func&#96;string&#96;</code>. The function `func` is called automatically, receives the string and embedded expressions and can process them. You can read more about it in the [docs](mdn:/JavaScript/Reference/Template_literals#Tagged_template_literals). This is called "tagged templates". This feature makes it easier to wrap strings into custom templating or other functionality, but it is rarely used.
## Special characters ## Special characters
It is still possible to create multiline strings with single quotes by using a so-called "newline character", written as `\n`, which denotes a line break: It is still possible to create multiline strings with single quotes by using a so-called "newline character", written as `\n`, which denotes a line break:
@ -130,7 +128,6 @@ alert( `The backslash: \\` ); // The backslash: \
## String length ## String length
The `length` property has the string length: The `length` property has the string length:
```js run ```js run
@ -252,10 +249,8 @@ let str = 'Widget with id';
alert( str.indexOf('id', 2) ) // 12 alert( str.indexOf('id', 2) ) // 12
``` ```
If we're interested in all occurrences, we can run `indexOf` in a loop. Every new call is made with the position after the previous match: If we're interested in all occurrences, we can run `indexOf` in a loop. Every new call is made with the position after the previous match:
```js run ```js run
let str = 'As sly as a fox, as strong as an ox'; let str = 'As sly as a fox, as strong as an ox';
@ -411,7 +406,6 @@ There are 3 methods in JavaScript to get a substring: `substring`, `substr` and
alert( str.slice(-4, -1) ); // gif alert( str.slice(-4, -1) ); // gif
``` ```
`str.substring(start [, end])` `str.substring(start [, end])`
: Returns the part of the string *between* `start` and `end`. : Returns the part of the string *between* `start` and `end`.
@ -419,7 +413,6 @@ There are 3 methods in JavaScript to get a substring: `substring`, `substr` and
For instance: For instance:
```js run ```js run
let str = "st*!*ring*/!*ify"; let str = "st*!*ring*/!*ify";
@ -435,7 +428,6 @@ There are 3 methods in JavaScript to get a substring: `substring`, `substr` and
Negative arguments are (unlike slice) not supported, they are treated as `0`. Negative arguments are (unlike slice) not supported, they are treated as `0`.
`str.substr(start [, length])` `str.substr(start [, length])`
: Returns the part of the string from `start`, with the given `length`. : Returns the part of the string from `start`, with the given `length`.
@ -461,7 +453,6 @@ Let's recap these methods to avoid any confusion:
| `substring(start, end)` | between `start` and `end` | negative values mean `0` | | `substring(start, end)` | between `start` and `end` | negative values mean `0` |
| `substr(start, length)` | from `start` get `length` characters | allows negative `start` | | `substr(start, length)` | from `start` get `length` characters | allows negative `start` |
```smart header="Which one to choose?" ```smart header="Which one to choose?"
All of them can do the job. Formally, `substr` has a minor drawback: it is described not in the core JavaScript specification, but in Annex B, which covers browser-only features that exist mainly for historical reasons. So, non-browser environments may fail to support it. But in practice it works everywhere. All of them can do the job. Formally, `substr` has a minor drawback: it is described not in the core JavaScript specification, but in Annex B, which covers browser-only features that exist mainly for historical reasons. So, non-browser environments may fail to support it. But in practice it works everywhere.
@ -537,7 +528,6 @@ The characters are compared by their numeric code. The greater code means that t
- All lowercase letters go after uppercase letters because their codes are greater. - All lowercase letters go after uppercase letters because their codes are greater.
- Some letters like `Ö` stand apart from the main alphabet. Here, it's code is greater than anything from `a` to `z`. - Some letters like `Ö` stand apart from the main alphabet. Here, it's code is greater than anything from `a` to `z`.
### Correct comparisons ### Correct comparisons
The "right" algorithm to do string comparisons is more complex than it may seem, because alphabets are different for different languages. The "right" algorithm to do string comparisons is more complex than it may seem, because alphabets are different for different languages.
@ -667,7 +657,6 @@ In reality, this is not always the case. The reason being that the symbol `Ṩ`
If you want to learn more about normalization rules and variants -- they are described in the appendix of the Unicode standard: [Unicode Normalization Forms](http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/), but for most practical purposes the information from this section is enough. If you want to learn more about normalization rules and variants -- they are described in the appendix of the Unicode standard: [Unicode Normalization Forms](http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/), but for most practical purposes the information from this section is enough.
## Summary ## Summary
- There are 3 types of quotes. Backticks allow a string to span multiple lines and embed expressions `${…}`. - There are 3 types of quotes. Backticks allow a string to span multiple lines and embed expressions `${…}`.