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<title>ESP8266 and MicroPython - Part 2 - Home Assistant</title>
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<h1 class="title indent">ESP8266 and MicroPython - Part 2</h1>
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<time datetime="2016-08-31T04:17:25+00:00" pubdate data-updated="true"><i class="icon-calendar"></i> August 31, 2016</time>
<span class="byline author vcard"><i class='icon-user'></i> Fabian Affolter</span>
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<li>ESP8266</li>
<li>How-To</li>
<li>MQTT</li>
<li>Micropython</li>
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<p><img src="/images/blog/2016-07-micropython/micropython.png" style="clear: right; border:none; box-shadow: none; float: right; margin-bottom: 12px;" width="200" />
So, part 1 of <a href="/blog/2016/07/28/esp8266-and-micropython-part1/">ESP8266 and MicroPython</a> was pretty lame, right? Instead of getting information out of Home Assistant we are going a step forward and create our own sensor which is sending details about its state to a Home Assistant instance.</p>
<a name="read-more"></a>
<p>Beside <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POST_(HTTP)">HTTP POST</a> requests, MQTT is the quickest way (from the author’s point of view) to publish information with DIY devices.</p>
<p>You have to make a decision: Do you want to pull or to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polling_(computer_science)">poll</a> the information for the sensor? For slowly changing values like temperature it’s perfectly fine to wait a couple of seconds to retrieve the value. If it’s a motion detector the state change should be available instantly in Home Assistant or it could be missed. This means the sensor must take initiative and send the data to Home Assistant.</p>
<p>An example for pulling is <a href="/components/sensor.arest/">aREST</a>. This is a great way to work with the ESP8266 based units and the Ardunio IDE.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="mqtt" href="#mqtt"></a> MQTT</h3>
<p>You can find a simple examples for publishing and subscribing with MQTT in the <a href="https://github.com/micropython/micropython-lib">MicroPython</a> library overview in the section for <a href="https://github.com/micropython/micropython-lib/tree/master/umqtt.simple">umqtt</a>.</p>
<p>The example below is adopted from the work of <a href="https://github.com/davea">@davea</a> as we don’t want to re-invent the wheel. The configuration feature is crafty and simplyfies the code with the usage of a file called <code class="highlighter-rouge">/config.json</code> which stores the configuration details. The ESP8266 device will send the value of a pin every 5 seconds.</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">machine</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">time</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">ubinascii</span>
@ -192,37 +149,25 @@ So, part 1 of <a href="/blog/2016/07/28/esp8266-and-micropython-part1/">ESP8266
<span class="n">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Subscribe to the topic <code class="highlighter-rouge">home/#</code> or create a <a href="/components/sensor.mqtt/">MQTT sensor</a> to check if the sensor values are published.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>mosquitto_sub -h 192.168.1.19 -v -t <span class="s2">"home/#"</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">sensor</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">state_topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">home/esp8266_[last</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">part</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">of</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">the</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">MAC</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">address]"</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">MicroPython"</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><a href="https://github.com/davea">@davea</a> created <a href="https://github.com/davea/sonoff-mqtt">sonoff-mqtt</a>. This code will work on ESP8622 based devices too and shows how to use a button to control a relay.</p>
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