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<title>ESP8266 and MicroPython - Part 1 - Home Assistant</title>
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<meta name="author" content="Fabian Affolter">
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<meta name="description" content="Using MicroPython on ESP8266 based devices and Home Assistant.">
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<article class="post">
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<header>
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<h1 class="title indent">ESP8266 and MicroPython - Part 1</h1>
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<div class="meta clearfix">
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<time datetime="2016-07-28T04:00:00+00:00" pubdate data-updated="true"><i class="icon-calendar"></i> July 28, 2016</time>
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<span class="byline author vcard"><i class='icon-user'></i> Fabian Affolter</span>
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<span><i class='icon-time'></i> five minutes reading time</span>
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<span>
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<i class="icon-tags"></i>
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<ul class="tags unstyled">
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<li><a class='category' href='/blog/categories/how-to/'>How-To</a></li>
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</ul>
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</span>
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<a class='comments'
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href="#disqus_thread"
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>Comments</a>
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<p><img src="/images/blog/2016-07-micropython/micropython.png" style="clear: right; border:none; box-shadow: none; float: right; margin-bottom: 12px;" width="200" /><br />
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The first release of Micropython for ESP8266 was delivered a couple of weeks ago. The <a href="http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/esp8266_contents.html">documentation</a> covers a lot of ground. This post is providing only a little summary which should get you started.</p>
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<p>Until a couple of weeks ago, the pre-built MicroPython binary for the ESP8266 was only available to backers. This has changed now and it is available to the public for <a href="https://micropython.org/download/#esp8266">download</a>.</p>
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<a name="read-more"></a>
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<p>The easiest way is to use <a href="https://github.com/themadinventor/esptool">esptool.py</a> for firmware handling tasks. First erase the flash:</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre>$ sudo python esptool.py --port /dev/ttyUSB0 erase_flash
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esptool.py v1.0.2-dev
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Connecting...
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Erasing flash (this may take a while)...
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>and then load the firmware. You may adjust the file name of the firmware binary.</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre>$ sudo python esptool.py --port /dev/ttyUSB0 --baud 460800 write_flash --flash_size=8m 0 esp8266-2016-07-10-v1.8.2.bin
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esptool.py v1.2-dev
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Connecting...
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Running Cesanta flasher stub...
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Flash params set to 0x0020
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Writing 540672 @ 0x0... 540672 (100 %)
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Wrote 540672 bytes at 0x0 in 13.1 seconds (330.8 kbit/s)...
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Leaving...
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>Now reset the device. You should then be able to use the <a href="http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/esp8266/tutorial/repl.html#getting-a-micropython-repl-prompt">REPL (Read Evaluate Print Loop)</a>. On Linux there is <code>minicom</code> or <code>picocom</code>, on a Mac you can use <code>screen</code> (eg. <code>screen /dev/tty.SLAB_USBtoUART 115200</code>), and on Windows there is Putty to open a serial connection and get the REPL prompt.</p>
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<p>The <a href="http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/esp8266/tutorial/repl.html#webrepl-a-prompt-over-wifi">WebREPL</a> work over a wireless connection and allows easy access to a prompt in your browser. An instance of the WebREPL client is hosted at <a href="http://micropython.org/webrepl">http://micropython.org/webrepl</a>. Alternatively, you can create a local clone of their <a href="https://github.com/micropython/webrepl">GitHub repository</a>. This is neccessary if your want to use the command-line tool <code>webrepl_cli.py</code> which is mentionend later in this post.</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre>$ sudo minicom -D /dev/ttyUSB0
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#4 ets_task(4020e374, 29, 3fff70e8, 10)
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WebREPL daemon started on ws://192.168.4.1:8266
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Started webrepl in setup mode
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could not open file 'main.py' for reading
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#5 ets_task(4010035c, 3, 3fff6360, 4)
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MicroPython v1.8.2-9-g805c2b9 on 2016-07-10; ESP module with ESP8266
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Type "help()" for more information.
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>>>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p class="note">
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The public build of the firmware may be different than the firmware distributed to the backers of the campaign. Especially in regard of the <a href="http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/py-modindex.html">available modules</a>, turned on debug messages, and alike. Also, the WebREPL may not be started by default.
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</p>
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<p>Connect a LED to pin 5 (or another pin of your choosing) to check if the ESP8266 is working as expected.</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre>>>> <span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">machine</span>
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>>> pin = machine.Pin(<span class="integer">5</span>, machine.Pin.OUT)
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>>> pin.high()
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>You can toogle the LED by changing its state with <code>pin.high()</code> and <code>pin.low()</code>.</p>
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<p>Various ESP8266 development board are shipped with an onboard photocell or a light dependent resistors (LDR) connected to the analog pin of your ESP8266 check if you are able to obtain a value.</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre>>>> <span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">machine</span>
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>>> brightness = machine.ADC(<span class="integer">0</span>)
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>>> brightness.read()
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>Make sure that you are familiar with REPL and WebREPL because this will be needed soon. Keep in mind the password for the WebREPL access.</p>
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<p>Read the <a href="http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/esp8266/tutorial/network_basics.html">instructions</a> about how to setup your wireless connection. Basically you need to upload a <code>boot.py</code> file to the microcontroller and this file is taking care of the connection setup. Below you find a sample which is more or less the same as shown in the <a href="http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/esp8266/tutorial/network_basics.html#configuration-of-the-wifi">documentation</a>.</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="function">do_connect</span>():
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<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">network</span>
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SSID = <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">SSID</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>
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PASSWORD = <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">PASSWORD</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>
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sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
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ap_if = network.WLAN(network.AP_IF)
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<span class="keyword">if</span> ap_if.active():
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ap_if.active(<span class="predefined-constant">False</span>)
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<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> sta_if.isconnected():
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print(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">connecting to network...</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>)
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sta_if.active(<span class="predefined-constant">True</span>)
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sta_if.connect(SSID, PASSWORD)
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<span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> sta_if.isconnected():
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<span class="keyword">pass</span>
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print(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">Network configuration:</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>, sta_if.ifconfig())
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>Upload this file with <code>webrepl_cli.py</code> or the WebREPL:</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre>$ python webrepl_cli.py boot.py 192.168.4.1:/boot.py
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>If you reboot, you should see your current IP address in the terminal.</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre>>>> Network configuration: ('192.168.0.10', '255.255.255.0', '192.168.0.1', '192.168.0.1')
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>First let’s create a little consumer for Home Assistant sensor’s state. The code to place in <code>main.py</code> is a mixture of code from above and the <a href="/developers/rest_api/">RESTful API</a> of Home Assistant. If the temperature in the kitchen is higher than 20 °C then the LED connected to pin 5 is switched on.</p>
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<p class="note">
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If a module is missing then you need to download is it from <a href="https://github.com/micropython/micropython-lib">MicroPython Library overview</a> and upload it to the ESP8266 with <code>webrepl_cli.py</code> manually.
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</p>
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<div class="highlighter-coderay"><div class="CodeRay">
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<div class="code"><pre><span class="comment"># Sample code to request the state of a Home Assistant entity.</span>
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API_PASSWORD = <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">YOUR_PASSWORD</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>
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URL = <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">http://10.100.0.197:8123/api/states/</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>
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ENTITY = <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">sensor.kitchen_temperature</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>
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TIMEOUT = <span class="integer">30</span>
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PIN = <span class="integer">5</span>
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<span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="function">get_data</span>():
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<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">urequests</span>
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url = <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">{}{}</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>.format(URL, ENTITY)
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headers = {<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">x-ha-access</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>: API_PASSWORD,
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<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">content-type</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>: <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">application/json</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>}
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resp = urequests.get(URL, headers=headers)
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<span class="keyword">return</span> resp.json()[<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">state</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>]
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<span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="function">main</span>():
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<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">machine</span>
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<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="include">time</span>
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pin = machine.Pin(PIN, machine.Pin.OUT)
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<span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="predefined-constant">True</span>:
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<span class="keyword">try</span>:
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<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="predefined">int</span>(get_data()) >= <span class="integer">20</span>:
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pin.high()
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<span class="keyword">else</span>:
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pin.low()
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<span class="keyword">except</span> <span class="exception">TypeError</span>:
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<span class="keyword">pass</span>
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time.sleep(TIMEOUT)
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<span class="keyword">if</span> __name__ == <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">__main__</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>:
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print(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">'</span><span class="content">Get the state of {}</span><span class="delimiter">'</span></span>.format(ENTITY))
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main()
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>Upload <code>main.py</code> the same way as <code>boot.py</code>. After a reboot (<code>>>> import machine</code> and <code>>>> machine.reboot()</code>) or power-cycling your physical notifier is ready.</p>
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<p>If you run into trouble, press “Ctrl+c” in the REPL to stop the execution of the code, enter <code>>>> import webrepl</code> and <code>>>> webrepl.start()</code>, and upload your fixed file.</p>
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</article>
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<h3 class="indent title">Comments</h3>
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|
||||
<h1 class="title delta">About Home Assistant</h1>
|
||||
<ul class="divided">
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
Home Assistant is an open-source home automation platform running on Python 3. Track and control all devices at home and automate control.
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</li>
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<li><a href='/getting-started/'>Get started with Home Assistant</a></li>
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||||
js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js";
|
||||
fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
|
||||
}(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));
|
||||
</script>
|
||||
<section id="recent-posts" class="aside-module grid__item one-whole lap-one-half">
|
||||
<h1 class="title delta">Recent Posts</h1>
|
||||
<ul class="divided">
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<li class="post">
|
||||
<a href="/blog/2016/07/23/internet-of-things-data-exploration-with-jupyter-notebooks/">IoT Data Exploration with Jupyter Notebooks</a>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<li class="post">
|
||||
<a href="/blog/2016/07/19/visualizing-your-iot-data/">Visualize your IoT data</a>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<li class="post">
|
||||
<a href="/blog/2016/07/16/sqlalchemy-knx-join-simplisafe/">0.24: SQLAlchemy, KNX, Join by Joaoapps, and SimpliSafe.</a>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<li class="post">
|
||||
<a href="/blog/2016/07/06/pocketchip-running-home-assistant/">PocketCHIP running Home Assistant</a>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</aside>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<footer>
|
||||
<div class="grid-wrapper">
|
||||
<div class="grid">
|
||||
<div class="grid__item">
|
||||
<div class="copyright">
|
||||
<a rel="me" href='https://twitter.com/home_assistant'><i class="icon-twitter"></i></a>
|
||||
<a rel="me" href='https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant'><i class="icon-github"></i></a>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="credit">
|
||||
Contact us at <a href='mailto:hello@home-assistant.io'>hello@home-assistant.io</a>.<br>
|
||||
Website powered by <a href='http://jekyllrb.com/'>Jekyll</a> and the <a href='https://github.com/coogie/oscailte'>Oscalite theme</a>.<br />
|
||||
Hosted by <a href='https://pages.github.com/'>GitHub</a> and served by <a href='https://cloudflare.com'>CloudFlare</a>.
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</footer>
|
||||
|
||||
<script>
|
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var _gaq=[['_setAccount','UA-57927901-1'],['_trackPageview']];
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g.src=('https:'==location.protocol?'//ssl':'//www')+'.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
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s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s)}(document,'script'));
|
||||
</script>
|
||||
<script>
|
||||
var disqus_shortname = 'home-assistant';
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// var disqus_developer = 1;
|
||||
var disqus_identifier = 'https://home-assistant.io/blog/2016/07/28/esp8266-and-micropython-part1/';
|
||||
var disqus_url = 'https://home-assistant.io/blog/2016/07/28/esp8266-and-micropython-part1/';
|
||||
var disqus_script = 'embed.js';
|
||||
|
||||
(function () {
|
||||
var dsq = document.createElement('script'); dsq.type = 'text/javascript'; dsq.async = true;
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dsq.src = '//' + disqus_shortname + '.disqus.com/' + disqus_script;
|
||||
(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(dsq);
|
||||
}());
|
||||
</script>
|
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</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue