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<header>
<h1 class="title indent">
Configuration Backup to USB drive
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>Backing up your Home Assistant configuration to USB drive. A good plus side is that you dont need to mask all your passwords since the backup is locally at your home/residence.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="requirements" href="#requirements"></a> Requirements</h3>
<p>First you need a USB drive. Once you have one you need to prepare it to be used on your device.
Once connected you want to format/work with the drive. To know what path it is in, you can check with <code class="highlighter-rouge">dmesg</code>.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># dmesg | grep sd</span>
<span class="o">[</span> 0.909712] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
<span class="o">[</span> 0.916414] sdhci: Copyright<span class="o">(</span>c<span class="o">)</span> Pierre Ossman
<span class="o">[</span> 0.923366] sdhost: log_buf @ bac07000 <span class="o">(</span>fac07000<span class="o">)</span>
<span class="o">[</span> 0.989001] mmc0: sdhost-bcm2835 loaded - DMA enabled <span class="o">(</span>&gt;1<span class="o">)</span>
<span class="o">[</span> 1.049095] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper
<span class="o">[</span>726257.743301] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 <span class="nb">type </span>0
<span class="o">[</span>726259.184810] sd 0:0:0:0: <span class="o">[</span>sda] 124846080 512-byte logical blocks: <span class="o">(</span>63.9 GB/59.5 GiB<span class="o">)</span>
<span class="o">[</span>726259.185603] sd 0:0:0:0: <span class="o">[</span>sda] Write Protect is off
<span class="o">[</span>726259.185613] sd 0:0:0:0: <span class="o">[</span>sda] Mode Sense: 23 00 00 00
<span class="o">[</span>726259.186432] sd 0:0:0:0: <span class="o">[</span>sda] No Caching mode page found
<span class="o">[</span>726259.186445] sd 0:0:0:0: <span class="o">[</span>sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
<span class="o">[</span>726259.206085] sda: sda1
<span class="o">[</span>726259.209004] sd 0:0:0:0: <span class="o">[</span>sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Here we see we have a drive on <code class="highlighter-rouge">/dev/sda1</code>. We assume you created a partition on the drive to start with. This can be any type of partition. Preferred is a Linux filesystem type so you can set permissions!</p>
<p>Mount the drive (as root) to <code class="highlighter-rouge">/media</code></p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># mount /dev/sda1 /media/</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="prepare-usb-stick" href="#prepare-usb-stick"></a> Prepare USB Stick</h3>
<p>Change into it and create a folder called <code class="highlighter-rouge">hassbackup</code> and change the ownership to the user that runs Home Assistant. In my case group and user are both <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant</code>.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># cd /media/</span>
<span class="gp">/media# </span>mkdir hassbackup
<span class="gp">/media# </span>chown homeassistant:homeassistant hassbackup/
<span class="gp">/media# </span>ls -al
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Apr 29 10:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Mar 22 18:37 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 homeassistant homeassistant 4096 Apr 29 10:36 hassbackup
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Apr 29 10:18 lost+found
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You can ignore lost+found.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="install-dependency" href="#install-dependency"></a> Install Dependency</h3>
<p>In order to preserve space on your drive we use zip. Install that too.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">/media# </span>apt-get install zip
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
<span class="o">[</span>...]
Setting up zip <span class="o">(</span>3.0-8<span class="o">)</span> ...
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="install-and-run-script" href="#install-and-run-script"></a> Install and run script</h3>
<p>Become the <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant</code> user and place the following <a href="https://gist.github.com/riemers/041c6a386a2eab95c55ba3ccaa10e7b0">script</a> to a place of your liking.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># wget https://gist.githubusercontent.com/riemers/041c6a386a2eab95c55ba3ccaa10e7b0/raw/86727d4e72e9757da4f68f1c9d784720e72d0e99/usb_backup.sh</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Make the downloaded script executable.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># chmod +x usb_backup.sh</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Open up the file and change the paths you want to use, then simply run the <code class="highlighter-rouge">./usb_backup.sh</code>.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>.homeassistant/extraconfig/shell_code/usb_backup.sh
<span class="o">[</span>i] Creating backup
<span class="o">[</span>i] Backup <span class="nb">complete</span>: /media/hassbackup/hass-config_20170429_112728.zip
<span class="o">[</span>i] Keeping all files no prunning <span class="nb">set</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="crontab" href="#crontab"></a> Crontab</h3>
<p>In order for this to automatically make a backup every night at 3 am, you can add a crontab for it as the <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant</code> user.
Change below path to where you placed the <code class="highlighter-rouge">usb_backup.sh</code> and run the following line.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="o">(</span>crontab -l 2&gt;/dev/null; <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"0 3 * * * /home/homeassistant/.homeassistant/extraconfig/shell_code/usb_backup.sh"</span><span class="o">)</span> | crontab -
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="auto-mount" href="#auto-mount"></a> Auto mount</h3>
<p>This does not automatically mount your USB drive at boot. You need to do that manually or add a line to your <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/fstab</code> file.</p>
<p>If your drive is on <code class="highlighter-rouge">/dev/sda1</code>, you could add an entry to your <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/fstab</code> like so:</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>/dev/sda1 /media ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Manual step to mount the USB drive:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># mount /dev/sda1 /media</span>
</code></pre>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/docsearch.js/2/docsearch.min.css" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/docsearch.js/2/docsearch.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
docsearch({
apiKey: 'ae96d94b201c5444c8a443093edf3efb',
indexName: 'home-assistant',
inputSelector: '#search',
debug: false // Set debug to true if you want to inspect the dropdown
});
document.querySelector('.search .close').addEventListener('click', function(ev) {
ev.preventDefault();
document.querySelector('.search-container').style.display = 'none';
});
document.querySelector('.show-search').addEventListener('click', function(ev) {
ev.preventDefault();
document.querySelector('.search-container').style.display = 'block';
document.getElementById('toggle').checked = false;
document.querySelector('.search-container input').focus();
});
</script>
</body>
</html>