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<h1 class="title indent">
Run local scripts
</h1>
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<p>Hass.io is a managed environment, which means that you cant install applications that can be embedded into Home Assistant using the <code class="highlighter-rouge">command_line</code> sensor/switch.</p>
<p>There are three options if you need to run a script to read data from a sensor or send commands to other devices on Hass.io.</p>
<p>The first option is to write a custom component for Home Assistant. Using Python, you can communicate with your device. For more information about developing a custom component, take a look at the <a href="/developers/component_loading/">developer documentation</a>.</p>
<p>The second option is to use STDIN inside add-on and use the service <code class="highlighter-rouge">hassio.addon_stdin</code> to send data. More about this options look into <a href="/developers/hassio/addon_communication/">developer documentation</a> for internal add-on communication. There is also describe how do you can easy access to Home-Assistant Rest API.</p>
<p>The third option is to make a local add-on for Hass.io that sends the data to Home Assistant via MQTT. Before we dive into this, read up on <a href="/developers/hassio/addon_tutorial/">Hass.io add-on development</a> first.</p>
<p>For security and speed, Hass.io does not provide a way for containers to communicate directly. So the first step is to set up a communication channel. Were going to use MQTT for this using the <a href="/addons/mosquitto/">MQTT broker add-on</a>.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sensors" href="#sensors"></a> Sensors</h3>
<p>We loop in our script to fetch data and push it to MQTT and wait until the next process is ready. Here is a basic example and structure for that process.</p>
<p>Our Dockerfile need to install:</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>RUN apk --no-cache add jq mosquitto-clients
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Now we can process it with <code class="highlighter-rouge">run.sh</code>:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="nb">set</span> -e
<span class="nv">CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="o">=</span>/data/options.json
<span class="c"># possible options for processing</span>
<span class="nv">MQTT_SERVER</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.server'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">MQTT_PORT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.port'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">TOPIC</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.topic'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">USER</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.user'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">PASSWORD</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.password'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">WAIT_TIME</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.seconds'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="c"># read data</span>
<span class="k">while </span><span class="nb">true
</span><span class="k">do
if </span><span class="nv">OUTPUT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">$(</span>/read_my_sensor.sh<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="k">then
</span>mosquitto_pub -h <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$MQTT_SERVER</span><span class="s2">"</span> -p <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$MQTT_PORT</span><span class="s2">"</span> -u <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$USER</span><span class="s2">"</span> -P <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PASSWORD</span><span class="s2">"</span> -t <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$TOPIC</span><span class="s2">"</span> -m <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$OUTPUT</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">true
</span><span class="k">else
</span><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">$(</span>data<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> [ERROR] can't read sensor: </span><span class="nv">$OUTPUT</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="k">fi
</span>sleep <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$WAIT_TIME</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="k">done</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="commands" href="#commands"></a> Commands</h3>
<p>We wait for incoming data from the MQTT broker. We can also use an <code class="highlighter-rouge">input_boolean</code> that triggers an automation to publish a custom command to MQTT topic that can process multiple things in one add-on.</p>
<p>Our Dockerfile need to install:</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>RUN apk --no-cache add jq mosquitto-clients
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Now we can process it with <code class="highlighter-rouge">run.sh</code>:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="nb">set</span> -e
<span class="nv">CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="o">=</span>/data/options.json
<span class="c"># possible options for processing</span>
<span class="nv">MQTT_SERVER</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.server'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">MQTT_PORT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.port'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">TOPIC</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.topic'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">USER</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.user'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nv">PASSWORD</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>jq --raw-output <span class="s1">'.password'</span> <span class="nv">$CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="c"># read data</span>
<span class="k">while </span><span class="nb">read</span> -r message
<span class="k">do
if</span> <span class="o">[</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$message</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"on"</span> <span class="o">]</span>; <span class="k">then</span>
/do_command_on.sh <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">true
</span><span class="k">else</span>
/do_command_off.sh <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">true
</span><span class="k">fi
done</span> &lt; &lt;<span class="o">(</span>mosquitto_sub -h <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$MQTT_SERVER</span><span class="s2">"</span> -p <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$MQTT_PORT</span><span class="s2">"</span> -u <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$USER</span><span class="s2">"</span> -P <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PASSWORD</span><span class="s2">"</span> -t <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$TOPIC</span><span class="s2">"</span> -q 1<span class="o">)</span>
</code></pre>
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