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Autostart Home Assistant
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<p>Once you get started with Home Assistant you want it to start automatically when you launch your machine. To help you get started weve compiled a few guides for different systems.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Autostart Using init.d
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<hr class="divider">
<p>Home Assistant can run as a daemon within init.d with the script below.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="1-copy-script" href="#1-copy-script"></a> 1. Copy script</h3>
<p>Copy the script at the end of this page to <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/init.d/hass-daemon</code>.</p>
<p>After that, set the script to be executable:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/hass-daemon
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="2-select-a-user" href="#2-select-a-user"></a> 2. Select a user.</h3>
<p>Create or pick a user that the Home Assistant daemon will run under. Update script to set <code class="highlighter-rouge">RUN_AS</code> to the username that should be used to execute hass.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="3-register-the-daemon-with-linux" href="#3-register-the-daemon-with-linux"></a> 3. Register the daemon with Linux</h3>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo update-rc.d hass-daemon defaults
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="4-install-this-service" href="#4-install-this-service"></a> 4. Install this service</h3>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo service hass-daemon install
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="5-restart-machine" href="#5-restart-machine"></a> 5. Restart Machine</h3>
<p>Thats it. Restart your machine and Home Assistant should start automatically.</p>
<p>If HA does not start, check the log file output for errors at <code class="highlighter-rouge">/var/opt/homeassistant/home-assistant.log</code></p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="extra-running-commands-before-hass-executes" href="#extra-running-commands-before-hass-executes"></a> Extra: Running commands before hass executes</h3>
<p>If any commands need to run before executing hass (like loading a virutal environment), put them in PRE_EXEC. This command must end with a semicolon.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="daemon-script" href="#daemon-script"></a> Daemon script</h3>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="c">### BEGIN INIT INFO</span>
<span class="c"># Provides: hass</span>
<span class="c"># Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog</span>
<span class="c"># Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog</span>
<span class="c"># Default-Start: 2 3 4 5</span>
<span class="c"># Default-Stop: 0 1 6</span>
<span class="c"># Description: Home\ Assistant</span>
<span class="c">### END INIT INFO</span>
<span class="c"># /etc/init.d Service Script for Home Assistant</span>
<span class="c"># Created with: https://gist.github.com/naholyr/4275302#file-new-service-sh</span>
<span class="nv">PRE_EXEC</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span>
<span class="nv">RUN_AS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"USER"</span>
<span class="nv">PID_FILE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/run/hass.pid"</span>
<span class="nv">CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/opt/homeassistant"</span>
<span class="nv">FLAGS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"-v --config </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2"> --pid-file </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2"> --daemon"</span>
<span class="gp">REDIRECT="&gt; </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span>/home-assistant.log 2&gt;&amp;1<span class="s2">"
start() {
if [ -f </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2"> ] &amp;&amp; kill -0 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> 2&gt; /dev/null; then
echo 'Service already running' &gt;&amp;2
return 1
fi
echo 'Starting service…' &gt;&amp;2
local CMD="</span><span class="nv">$PRE_EXEC</span> hass <span class="nv">$FLAGS</span> <span class="nv">$REDIRECT</span>;<span class="s2">"
su -c "</span><span class="nv">$CMD</span><span class="s2">" </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2">
echo 'Service started' &gt;&amp;2
}
stop() {
if [ ! -f "</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">" ] || ! kill -0 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> 2&gt; /dev/null; then
echo 'Service not running' &gt;&amp;2
return 1
fi
echo 'Stopping service…' &gt;&amp;2
kill </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">
while ps -p </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1; do sleep 1;done;
echo 'Service stopped' &gt;&amp;2
}
install() {
echo "</span>Installing Home Assistant Daemon <span class="o">(</span>hass-daemon<span class="o">)</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>999999<span class="s2">" &gt; </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">
chown </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">
mkdir -p </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
chown </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
}
uninstall() {
echo -n "</span>Are you really sure you want to uninstall this service? That cannot be undone. <span class="o">[</span>yes|No] <span class="s2">"
local SURE
read SURE
if [ "</span><span class="nv">$SURE</span><span class="s2">" = "</span>yes<span class="s2">" ]; then
stop
rm -fv "</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>Notice: The config directory has not been removed<span class="s2">"
echo </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
update-rc.d -f hass-daemon remove
rm -fv "</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>Home Assistant Daemon has been removed. Home Assistant is still installed.<span class="s2">"
fi
}
case "</span><span class="nv">$1</span><span class="s2">" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
install)
install
;;
uninstall)
uninstall
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo "</span>Usage: <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">{</span>start|stop|restart|install|uninstall<span class="o">}</span><span class="s2">"
esac
</span></code></pre>
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Autostart on macOS
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<p>Setting up Home Assistant to run as a background service is simple; macOS will start Home Assistant on boot and make sure its always running.</p>
<p>To get Home Assistant installed as a background service, run:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hass --script macos install
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Autostart on Synology NAS Boot
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<p>To get Home Assistant to automatically start when you boot your Synology NAS:</p>
<p>SSH into your synology &amp; login as admin or root</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">cd</span> /volume1/homeassistant
</code></pre>
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<p>Create “homeassistant.conf” file using the following code</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># only start this service after the httpd user process has started</span>
start on started httpd-user
<span class="c"># stop the service gracefully if the runlevel changes to 'reboot'</span>
stop on runlevel <span class="o">[</span>06]
<span class="c"># run the scripts as the 'http' user. Running as root (the default) is a bad ide</span>
<span class="c">#setuid admin</span>
<span class="c"># exec the process. Use fully formed path names so that there is no reliance on</span>
<span class="c"># the 'www' file is a node.js script which starts the foobar application.</span>
<span class="nb">exec</span> /bin/sh /volume1/homeassistant/hass-daemon start
</code></pre>
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<p>Register the autostart</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>ln -s homeassistant-conf /etc/init/homeassistant-conf
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<p>Make the relevant files executable:</p>
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<p>Thats it - reboot your NAS and Home Assistant should automatically start</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Autostart Using Systemd
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<p>Newer linux distributions are trending towards using <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code> for managing daemons. Typically, systems based on Fedora, ArchLinux, or Debian (8 or later) use <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>. This includes Ubuntu releases including and after 15.04, CentOS, and Red Hat. If you are unsure if your system is using <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>, you may check with the following command:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>ps -p 1 -o <span class="nv">comm</span><span class="o">=</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If the preceding command returns the string <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>, you are likely using <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>.</p>
<p>If you want Home Assistant to be launched automatically, an extra step is needed to setup <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>. You need a service file to control Home Assistant with <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>. If you are using a Raspberry Pi with Raspbian then replace the <code class="highlighter-rouge">[your user]</code> with <code class="highlighter-rouge">pi</code> otherwise use your user you want to run Home Assistant. <code class="highlighter-rouge">ExecStart</code> contains the path to <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass</code> and this may vary. Check with <code class="highlighter-rouge">whereis hass</code> for the location.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>su -c <span class="s1">'cat &lt;&lt;EOF &gt;&gt; /etc/systemd/system/home-assistant@.service
[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=%i
ExecStart=/usr/bin/hass
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF'</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If youve setup Home Assistant in <code class="highlighter-rouge">virtualenv</code> following our <a href="https://home-assistant.io/getting-started/installation-virtualenv/">python installation guide</a> or <a href="https://home-assistant.io/getting-started/installation-raspberry-pi/">manual installation guide for raspberry pi</a>, the following template should work for you.</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=homeassistant
# Make sure the virtualenv Python binary is used
Environment=VIRTUAL_ENV="/srv/homeassistant"
Environment=PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
ExecStart=/srv/homeassistant/bin/hass -c "/home/homeassistant/.homeassistant"
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If you want to use docker, the following template should work for you.</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
Requires=docker.service
After=docker.service
[Service]
Restart=always
RestartSec=3
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --name="home-assistant-%i" -v /home/%i/.homeassistant/:/config -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro --net=host homeassistant/home-assistant
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop -t 2 home-assistant-%i
ExecStopPost=/usr/bin/docker rm -f home-assistant-%i
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You need to reload <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code> to make the daemon aware of the new configuration. Enable and launch Home Assistant after that.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo systemctl --system daemon-reload
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo systemctl <span class="nb">enable </span>home-assistant@[your user]
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo systemctl start home-assistant@[your user]
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If everything went well, <code class="highlighter-rouge">sudo systemctl start home-assistant@[your user]</code> should give you a positive feedback.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo systemctl status home-assistant@[your user] -l
● home-assistant@fab.service - Home Assistant <span class="k">for</span> <span class="o">[</span>your user]
Loaded: loaded <span class="o">(</span>/etc/systemd/system/home-assistant@[your user].service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled<span class="o">)</span>
Active: active <span class="o">(</span>running<span class="o">)</span> since Sat 2016-03-26 12:26:06 CET; 13min ago
Main PID: 30422 <span class="o">(</span>hass<span class="o">)</span>
CGroup: /system.slice/system-home<span class="se">\x</span>2dassistant.slice/home-assistant@[your user].service
├─30422 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/hass
└─30426 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/hass
<span class="o">[</span>...]
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>To get Home Assistants logging output, simple use <code class="highlighter-rouge">journalctl</code>.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>journalctl -f -u home-assistant@[your user]
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Because the log can scroll quite quickly, you might want to open a second terminal to view only the errors:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>journalctl -f -u home-assistant@[your user] | grep -i <span class="s1">'error'</span>
</code></pre>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Autostart Using Upstart
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<p>Many linux distributions use the Upstart system (or similar) for managing daemons. Typically, systems based on Debian 7 or previous use Upstart. This includes Ubuntu releases before 15.04. If you are unsure if your system is using Upstart, you may check with the following command:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>ps -p 1 -o <span class="nv">comm</span><span class="o">=</span>
</code></pre>
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<p>If the preceding command returns the string <code class="highlighter-rouge">init</code>, you are likely using Upstart.</p>
<p>Upstart will launch init scripts that are located in the directory <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/init.d/</code>. A sample init script for systems using Upstart could look like the sample below.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="c">### BEGIN INIT INFO</span>
<span class="c"># Provides: hass</span>
<span class="c"># Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog</span>
<span class="c"># Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog</span>
<span class="c"># Default-Start: 2 3 4 5</span>
<span class="c"># Default-Stop: 0 1 6</span>
<span class="c"># Description: Home\ Assistant</span>
<span class="c">### END INIT INFO</span>
<span class="c"># /etc/init.d Service Script for Home Assistant</span>
<span class="c"># Created with: https://gist.github.com/naholyr/4275302#file-new-service-sh</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="c"># Installation:</span>
<span class="c"># 1) If any commands need to run before executing hass (like loading a</span>
<span class="c"># virutal environment), put them in PRE_EXEC. This command must end with</span>
<span class="c"># a semicolon.</span>
<span class="c"># 2) Set RUN_AS to the username that should be used to execute hass.</span>
<span class="c"># 3) Copy this script to /etc/init.d/</span>
<span class="c"># sudo cp hass-daemon /etc/init.d/hass-daemon</span>
<span class="c"># sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/hass-daemon</span>
<span class="c"># 4) Register the daemon with Linux</span>
<span class="c"># sudo update-rc.d hass-daemon defaults</span>
<span class="c"># 5) Install this service</span>
<span class="c"># sudo service hass-daemon install</span>
<span class="c"># 6) Restart Machine</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="c"># After installation, HA should start automatically. If HA does not start,</span>
<span class="c"># check the log file output for errors.</span>
<span class="c"># /var/opt/homeassistant/home-assistant.log</span>
<span class="nv">PRE_EXEC</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span>
<span class="nv">RUN_AS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"USER"</span>
<span class="nv">PID_FILE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/run/hass.pid"</span>
<span class="nv">CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/opt/homeassistant"</span>
<span class="nv">FLAGS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"-v --config </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2"> --pid-file </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2"> --daemon"</span>
<span class="gp">REDIRECT="&gt; </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span>/home-assistant.log 2&gt;&amp;1<span class="s2">"
start() {
if [ -f </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2"> ] &amp;&amp; kill -0 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> 2&gt; /dev/null; then
echo 'Service already running' &gt;&amp;2
return 1
fi
echo 'Starting service…' &gt;&amp;2
local CMD="</span><span class="nv">$PRE_EXEC</span> hass <span class="nv">$FLAGS</span> <span class="nv">$REDIRECT</span>;<span class="s2">"
su -c "</span><span class="nv">$CMD</span><span class="s2">" </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2">
echo 'Service started' &gt;&amp;2
}
stop() {
if [ ! -f "</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">" ] || ! kill -0 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> 2&gt; /dev/null; then
echo 'Service not running' &gt;&amp;2
return 1
fi
echo 'Stopping service…' &gt;&amp;2
kill -3 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">
while ps -p </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1; do sleep 1;done;
echo 'Service stopped' &gt;&amp;2
}
install() {
echo "</span>Installing Home Assistant Daemon <span class="o">(</span>hass-daemon<span class="o">)</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>999999<span class="s2">" &gt; </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">
chown </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">
mkdir -p </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
chown </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
}
uninstall() {
echo -n "</span>Are you really sure you want to uninstall this service? That cannot be undone. <span class="o">[</span>yes|No] <span class="s2">"
local SURE
read SURE
if [ "</span><span class="nv">$SURE</span><span class="s2">" = "</span>yes<span class="s2">" ]; then
stop
rm -fv "</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>Notice: The config directory has not been removed<span class="s2">"
echo </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
update-rc.d -f hass-daemon remove
rm -fv "</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>Home Assistant Daemon has been removed. Home Assistant is still installed.<span class="s2">"
fi
}
case "</span><span class="nv">$1</span><span class="s2">" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
install)
install
;;
uninstall)
uninstall
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo "</span>Usage: <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">{</span>start|stop|restart|install|uninstall<span class="o">}</span><span class="s2">"
esac
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>To install this script, download it, tweak it to you liking, and install it by following the directions in the header. This script will setup Home Assistant to run when the system boots. To start/stop Home Assistant manually, issue the following commands:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo service hass-daemon start
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo service hass-daemon stop
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>When running Home Assistant with this script, the configuration directory will be located at <code class="highlighter-rouge">/var/opt/homeassistant</code>. This directory will contain a verbose log rather than simply an error log.</p>
<p>When running daemons, it is good practice to have the daemon run under its own user name rather than the default users name. Instructions for setting this up are outside the scope of this document.</p>
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