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<title><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></title>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
<updated>2017-02-23T10:11:25+00:00</updated>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
<author>
<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: Community | Home Assistant]]></title>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/blog/categories/community/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: Device-Tracking | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: ESP8266 | Home Assistant]]></title>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/blog/categories/esp8266/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: How-To | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: iBeacons | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: Internet-of-Things | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: IoT-Data | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: Merchandise | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: MQTT | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: Organisation | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: Presence-Detection | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: Release-Notes | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: Survey | Home Assistant]]></title>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/blog/categories/survey/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: Talks | Home Assistant]]></title>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/blog/categories/talks/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<title><![CDATA[Category: Technology | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: User-Stories | Home Assistant]]></title>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/blog/categories/user-stories/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: Video | Home Assistant]]></title>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/blog/categories/video/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
<updated>2017-02-23T10:11:25+00:00</updated>
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<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<name><![CDATA[Home Assistant]]></name>

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<title><![CDATA[Category: Website | Home Assistant]]></title>
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<link href="https://home-assistant.io/"/>
<updated>2017-02-23T10:11:25+00:00</updated>
<updated>2017-02-23T10:34:14+00:00</updated>
<id>https://home-assistant.io/</id>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Automation Actions
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>The action of an automation rule is what is being executed when a rule fires. The action part follows the <a href="/docs/scripts/">script syntax</a> which can be used to interact with anything via services or events. For services you can specify the entity_id that it should apply to and optional service parameters (to specify for example the brightness).</p>
<p>You can also call the service to activate <a href="/components/scene/">a scene</a> which will allow you to define how you want your devices to be and have Home Assistant call the right services.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Change the light in the kitchen and living room to 150 brightness and color red.</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sun</span>
<span class="s">event</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sunset</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">homeassistant.turn_on</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.kitchen</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.living_room</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">brightness</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">150</span>
<span class="s">rgb_color</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">[</span><span class="nv">255</span><span class="pi">,</span> <span class="nv">0</span><span class="pi">,</span> <span class="nv">0</span><span class="pi">]</span>
<span class="s">automation 2</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Notify me on my mobile phone of an event</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sun</span>
<span class="s">event</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sunset</span>
<span class="s">offset</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">-00:30</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Actions are scripts so can also be a list of actions</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.notify</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Beautiful sunset!</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">delay</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">0:35</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.notify</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Oh wow you really missed something great.</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Conditions can also be part of an action. You can combine multiple service calls and conditions in a single action, and they will be processed in the order you put them in. If the result of a condition is false, the action will stop there so any service calls after that condition will not be executed.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Enciende</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Despacho'</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor.mini_despacho</span>
<span class="s">to</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">ON'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.notify</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Testing conditional actions</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">or</span>
<span class="s">conditions</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">template</span>
<span class="s">value_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">states.sun.sun.attributes.elevation</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">&lt;</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">4</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">template</span>
<span class="s">value_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">states.sensor.sensorluz_7_0.state</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">&lt;</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">10</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">scene.turn_on</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">scene.DespiertaDespacho</span>
</code></pre>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Automation Conditions
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<p>Conditions are an optional part of an automation rule and can be used to prevent an action from happening when triggered. Conditions look very similar to triggers but are very different. A trigger will look at events happening in the system while a condition only looks at how the system looks right now. A trigger can observe that a switch is being turned on. A condition can only see if a switch is currently on or off.</p>
<p>The available conditions for an automation are the same as for the script syntax so see that page for a <a href="/docs/scripts/conditions/">full list of available conditions</a>.</p>
<p>Example of using condition:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Enciende</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Despacho'</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor.mini_despacho</span>
<span class="s">to</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">on'</span>
<span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">or</span>
<span class="s">conditions</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">template</span>
<span class="s">value_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">states.sun.sun.attributes.elevation</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">&lt;</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">4</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">template</span>
<span class="s">value_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">states.sensor.sensorluz_7_0.state</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">&lt;</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">10</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">scene.turn_on</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">scene.DespiertaDespacho</span>
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Automation Examples
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<p>Just some sample automation rules to get you started.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Example of entry in configuration.yaml</span>
<span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Turns on lights 1 hour before sunset if people are home</span>
<span class="c1"># and if people get home between 16:00-23:00</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Rule</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">1</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Light</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">on</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">in</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">the</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">evening'</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Prefix the first line of each trigger configuration</span>
<span class="c1"># with a '-' to enter multiple</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sun</span>
<span class="s">event</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sunset</span>
<span class="s">offset</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">-01:00:00'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.all_devices</span>
<span class="s">state</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Prefix the first line of each condition configuration</span>
<span class="c1"># with a '-'' to enter multiple</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.all_devices</span>
<span class="s">state</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">time</span>
<span class="s">after</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">16:00:00'</span>
<span class="s">before</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">23:00:00'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">homeassistant.turn_on</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.living_room</span>
<span class="c1"># Turn off lights when everybody leaves the house</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Rule</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">2</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">-</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Away</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Mode'</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.all_devices</span>
<span class="s">state</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">not_home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_off</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.all_lights</span>
<span class="c1"># Notify when Paulus leaves the house in the evening</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Leave</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Home</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">notification'</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">zone</span>
<span class="s">event</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">leave</span>
<span class="s">zone</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">zone.home</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.paulus</span>
<span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">condition</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">time</span>
<span class="s">after</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">20:00'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.notify</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Paulus</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">left</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">the</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">house'</span>
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Automating Home Assistant
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<p>Home Assistant offers a wide range of automation configurations. In this section, well try to guide you through all the different possibilities and options. Besides this documentation, there are also a couple of people who have made their automations [publicly available][/cookbook/#example-configurationyaml].</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="automation-basics" href="#automation-basics"></a> Automation basics</h3>
<p>Before you can go ahead and create your own automations, its important to learn the basics. To explore these, lets have a look at the following example home automation rule:</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>(trigger) When Paulus arrives home
(condition) and it is after sunset:
(action) Turn the lights in the living room on
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The example consists of three different parts: a <a href="/docs/automation/trigger/">trigger</a>, a <a href="/docs/automation/condition/">condition</a> and an <a href="/docs/automation/action/">action</a>.</p>
<p>The first line is the <strong>trigger</strong> of the automation rule. Triggers describe events that should trigger the automation rule. In this case, it is a person arriving home, which can be observed in Home Assistant by observing the state of Paulus changing from not_home to home.</p>
<p>The second line is the <strong>condition</strong>. Conditions are optional tests that can limit an automation rule to only work in your specific use cases. A condition will test against the current state of the system. This includes the current time, devices, people and other things like the sun. In this case, we only want to act when the sun has set.</p>
<p>The third part is the <strong>action</strong>, which will be performed when a rule is triggered and all conditions are met. For example, it can turn a light on, set the temperature on your thermostat or activate a scene.</p>
<p class="note">
The difference between a condition and a trigger can be confusing as they are very similar. Triggers look at the actions, while conditions look at the results: turning a light on versus a light being on.
</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="exploring-the-internal-state" href="#exploring-the-internal-state"></a> Exploring the internal state</h3>
<p>Automation rules interact directly with the internal state of Home Assistant, so youll need to familiarize yourself with it. Home Assistant exposes its current state via the developer tools. These are available at the bottom of the sidebar in the frontend. The <img src="/images/screenshots/developer-tool-states-icon.png" class="no-shadow" height="38" /> icon will show all currently available states. An entity can be anything. A light, a switch, a person and even the sun. A state consists of the following parts:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Entity ID</td>
<td>Unique identifier for the entity.</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">light.kitchen</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State</td>
<td>The current state of the device.</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">home</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attributes</td>
<td>Extra data related to the device and/or current state.</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">brightness</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>State changes can be used as the source of triggers and the current state can be used in conditions.</p>
<p>Actions are all about calling services. To explore the available services open the <img src="/images/screenshots/developer-tool-services-icon.png" class="no-shadow" height="38" /> Services developer tool. Services allow to change anything. For example turn on a light, run a script or enable a scene. Each service has a domain and a name. For example the service <code class="highlighter-rouge">light.turn_on</code> is capable of turning on any light in your system. Services can be passed parameters to for example tell which device to turn on or what color to use.</p>
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<div class='edit-github'><a href='https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant.github.io/tree/current/source/_docs/automation/templating.markdown'>Edit this page on GitHub</a></div>
<header>
<h1 class="title indent">
Automation Templating
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>In Home Assistant 0.19 we introduced a new powerful feature: variables in scripts and automations. This makes it possible to adjust your condition and action based on the information of the trigger.</p>
<p>The trigger data made is available during <a href="/configuration/templating/">template</a> rendering as the <code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger</code> variable.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Example configuration.yaml entries</span>
<span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.paulus</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.notify</span>
<span class="s">data_template</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">&gt;</span>
<span class="no">Paulus just changed from {{ trigger.from_state.state }}</span>
<span class="no">to {{ trigger.to_state.state }}</span>
<span class="s">automation 2</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">/notify/+</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">&gt;</span>
<span class="no">notify.{{ trigger.topic.split('/')[-1] }}</span>
<span class="s">data_template</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">{{</span> <span class="nv">trigger.payload</span> <span class="pi">}}</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="important-template-rules" href="#important-template-rules"></a> Important Template Rules</h2>
<p>There are a few very important rules to remember when writing automation templates:</p>
<ol>
<li>You <strong><em>must</em></strong> use <code class="highlighter-rouge">data_template</code> in place of <code class="highlighter-rouge">data</code> when using templates in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">data</code> section of a service call.</li>
<li>You <strong><em>must</em></strong> use <code class="highlighter-rouge">service_template</code> in place of <code class="highlighter-rouge">service</code> when using templates in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">service</code> section of a service call.</li>
<li>You <strong><em>must</em></strong> surround single-line templates with double quotes (<code class="highlighter-rouge">"</code>) or single quotes (<code class="highlighter-rouge">'</code>).</li>
<li>It is advised that you prepare for undefined variables by using <code class="highlighter-rouge">if ... is not none</code> or the <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#default"><code class="highlighter-rouge">default</code> filter</a>, or both.</li>
<li>It is advised that when comparing numbers, you convert the number(s) to a <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#float"><code class="highlighter-rouge">float</code></a> or an <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#int"><code class="highlighter-rouge">int</code></a> by using the respective <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#list-of-builtin-filters">filter</a>.</li>
<li>While the <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#float"><code class="highlighter-rouge">float</code></a> and <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#int"><code class="highlighter-rouge">int</code></a> filters do allow a default fallback value if the conversion is unsuccessful, they do not provide the ability to catch undefined variables.</li>
</ol>
<p>Remembering these simple rules will help save you from many headaches and endless hours of frustration when using automation templates.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="available-trigger-data" href="#available-trigger-data"></a> Available Trigger Data</h2>
<p>The following tables show the available trigger data per platform.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event" href="#event"></a> event</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Template variable</th>
<th>Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.platform</code></td>
<td>Hardcoded: <code class="highlighter-rouge">event</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.event</code></td>
<td>Event object that matched.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="mqtt" href="#mqtt"></a> mqtt</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Template variable</th>
<th>Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.platform</code></td>
<td>Hardcoded: <code class="highlighter-rouge">mqtt</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.topic</code></td>
<td>Topic that received payload.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.payload</code></td>
<td>Payload.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.payload_json</code></td>
<td>Dictonary of the JSON parsed payload.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.qos</code></td>
<td>QOS of payload.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="numeric_state" href="#numeric_state"></a> numeric_state</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Template variable</th>
<th>Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.platform</code></td>
<td>Hardcoded: <code class="highlighter-rouge">numeric_state</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.entity_id</code></td>
<td>Entity ID that we observe.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.below</code></td>
<td>The below threshold, if any.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.above</code></td>
<td>The above threshold, if any.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.from_state</code></td>
<td>The previous <a href="/configuration/state_object/">state object</a> of the entity.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.to_state</code></td>
<td>The new <a href="/configuration/state_object/">state object</a> that triggered trigger.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="state" href="#state"></a> state</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Template variable</th>
<th>Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.platform</code></td>
<td>Hardcoded: <code class="highlighter-rouge">state</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.entity_id</code></td>
<td>Entity ID that we observe.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.from_state</code></td>
<td>The previous <a href="/configuration/state_object/">state object</a> of the entity.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.to_state</code></td>
<td>The new <a href="/configuration/state_object/">state object</a> that triggered trigger.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.for</code></td>
<td>Timedelta object how long state has been to state, if any.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sun" href="#sun"></a> sun</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Template variable</th>
<th>Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.platform</code></td>
<td>Hardcoded: <code class="highlighter-rouge">sun</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.event</code></td>
<td>The event that just happened: <code class="highlighter-rouge">sunset</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">sunrise</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.offset</code></td>
<td>Timedelta object with offset to the event, if any.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="template" href="#template"></a> template</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Template variable</th>
<th>Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.platform</code></td>
<td>Hardcoded: <code class="highlighter-rouge">template</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.entity_id</code></td>
<td>Entity ID that caused change.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.from_state</code></td>
<td>Previous <a href="/configuration/state_object/">state object</a> of entity that caused change.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.to_state</code></td>
<td>New <a href="/configuration/state_object/">state object</a> of entity that caused template to change.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="time" href="#time"></a> time</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Template variable</th>
<th>Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.platform</code></td>
<td>Hardcoded: <code class="highlighter-rouge">time</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.now</code></td>
<td>DateTime object that triggered the time trigger.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="zone" href="#zone"></a> zone</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Template variable</th>
<th>Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.platform</code></td>
<td>Hardcoded: <code class="highlighter-rouge">zone</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.entity_id</code></td>
<td>Entity ID that we are observing.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.from_state</code></td>
<td>Previous <a href="/configuration/state_object/">state object</a> of the entity.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.to_state</code></td>
<td>New <a href="/configuration/state_object/">state object</a> of the entity.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.zone</code></td>
<td>State object of zone</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">trigger.event</code></td>
<td>Event that trigger observed: <code class="highlighter-rouge">enter</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">leave</code>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</article>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Automation Trigger
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>Triggers are what starts the processing of an automation rule. It is possible to specify multiple triggers for the same rule. Once a trigger starts, Home Assistant will validate the conditions, if any, and call the action.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-trigger" href="#event-trigger"></a> Event trigger</h3>
<p>Triggers when an event is being processed. Events are the raw building blocks of Home Assistant. You can match events on just the event name or also require specific event data to be present.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">event</span>
<span class="s">event_type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">MY_CUSTOM_EVENT</span>
<span class="c1"># optional</span>
<span class="s">event_data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">mood</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">happy</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>For example, to carry out actions when Home Assistant starts, you can use <code class="highlighter-rouge">event_type: homeassistant_start</code>. See other events supported by Home Assistant <a href="https://home-assistant.io/topics/events/">here</a>.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="mqtt-trigger" href="#mqtt-trigger"></a> MQTT trigger</h3>
<p>Triggers when a specific message is received on given topic. Optionally can match on the payload being sent over the topic.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">living_room/switch/ac</span>
<span class="c1"># Optional</span>
<span class="s">payload</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">on'</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="numeric-state-trigger" href="#numeric-state-trigger"></a> Numeric state trigger</h3>
<p>On state change of a specified entity, attempts to parse the state as a number and triggers if value is above and/or below a threshold.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">numeric_state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor.temperature</span>
<span class="c1"># Optional</span>
<span class="s">value_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">state.attributes.battery</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
<span class="c1"># At least one of the following required</span>
<span class="s">above</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">17</span>
<span class="s">below</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">25</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="state-trigger" href="#state-trigger"></a> State trigger</h3>
<p>Triggers when the state of tracked entities change. If only entity_id given will match all state changes.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.paulus, device_tracker.anne_therese</span>
<span class="c1"># Optional </span>
<span class="s">from</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">not_home'</span>
<span class="s">to</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="c1"># Alias for 'to'</span>
<span class="s">state</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="c1"># If given, will trigger when state has been the to state for X time.</span>
<span class="s">for</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">hours</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">1</span>
<span class="s">minutes</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">10</span>
<span class="s">seconds</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">5</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p class="note warning">
Use quotes around your values for <code class="highlighter-rouge">from</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">to</code> to avoid the YAML parser interpreting values as booleans.
</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sun-trigger" href="#sun-trigger"></a> Sun trigger</h3>
<p>Trigger when the sun is setting or rising. An optional time offset can be given to have it trigger for example 45 minutes before sunset, when dusk is setting in.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sun</span>
<span class="c1"># Possible values: sunset, sunrise</span>
<span class="s">event</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sunset</span>
<span class="c1"># Optional time offset. This example is 45 minutes.</span>
<span class="s">offset</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">-00:45:00'</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="template-trigger" href="#template-trigger"></a> Template trigger</h3>
<p>Template triggers work by evaluating a [template] on each state change. The trigger will fire if the state change caused the template to render true. This is achieved by having the template result in a true boolean expression (<code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">is_state('device_tracker.paulus',</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">'home')</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="err">}</span></code>) or by having the template render true (example below).
With template triggers you can also evaluate attribute changes by using is_state_attr (<code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">is_state_attr('climate.living_room',</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">'away_mode',</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">'off')</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="err">}</span></code>)</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">template</span>
<span class="s">value_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">{%</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">if</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">is_state('device_tracker.paulus',</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">'home')</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">%}true{%</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">endif</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">%}"</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="time-trigger" href="#time-trigger"></a> Time trigger</h3>
<p>Time can be triggered in many ways. The most common is to specify <code class="highlighter-rouge">after</code> and trigger at a specific point in time each day. Alternatively, you can also match if the hour, minute or second of the current time has a specific value. You can prefix the value with a <code class="highlighter-rouge">/</code> to match whenever the value is divisible by that number. You cannot use <code class="highlighter-rouge">after</code> together with hour, minute or second.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">time</span>
<span class="c1"># Matches every hour at 5 minutes past whole</span>
<span class="s">minutes</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">5</span>
<span class="s">seconds</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">00</span>
<span class="s">automation 2</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">time</span>
<span class="c1"># When 'after' is used, you cannot also match on hour, minute, seconds.</span>
<span class="c1"># Military time format.</span>
<span class="s">after</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">15:32:00'</span>
<span class="s">automation 3</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">time</span>
<span class="c1"># You can also match on interval. This will match every 5 minutes</span>
<span class="s">minutes</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">/5'</span>
<span class="s">seconds</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">00</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p class="note warning">
Remember that if you are using matching to include both <code class="highlighter-rouge">minutes</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">seconds</code>. Without <code class="highlighter-rouge">seconds</code>, your automation will trigger 60 times during the matching minute.
</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="zone-trigger" href="#zone-trigger"></a> Zone trigger</h3>
<p>Zone triggers can trigger when an entity is entering or leaving the zone. For zone automation to work, you need to have setup a device tracker platform that supports reporting GPS coordinates. Currently this is limited to the <a href="/components/device_tracker.owntracks/">OwnTracks platform</a> as well as the <a href="/components/device_tracker.icloud/">iCloud platform</a>.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">zone</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.paulus</span>
<span class="s">zone</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">zone.home</span>
<span class="c1"># Event is either enter or leave</span>
<span class="s">event</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">enter</span> <span class="c1"># or "leave"</span>
</code></pre>
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<p>You can verify that your automation rules are being initialized correctly by watching both the realtime logs (<code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant.log</code> in the configuration directory) and also the <a href="/components/logbook/">Logbook</a>. The realtime logs will show the rules being initialized (once for each trigger), example:</p>
<pre><code class="language-plain">INFO [homeassistant.components.automation] Initialized rule Rainy Day
INFO [homeassistant.components.automation] Initialized rule Rainy Day
INFO [homeassistant.components.automation] Initialized rule Rainy Day
INFO [homeassistant.components.automation] Initialized rule Rain is over
</code></pre>
<p>The Logbook component will show a line entry when an automation is triggered. You can look at the previous entry to determine which trigger in the rule triggered the event.</p>
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<header>
<h1 class="title indent">
Autostart Using init.d
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>Home Assistant can run as a daemon within init.d with the script below.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="1-copy-script" href="#1-copy-script"></a> 1. Copy script</h3>
<p>Copy the script at the end of this page to <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/init.d/hass-daemon</code>.</p>
<p>After that, set the script to be executable:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/hass-daemon
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="2-select-a-user" href="#2-select-a-user"></a> 2. Select a user.</h3>
<p>Create or pick a user that the Home Assistant daemon will run under. Update script to set <code class="highlighter-rouge">RUN_AS</code> to the username that should be used to execute hass.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="3-register-the-daemon-with-linux" href="#3-register-the-daemon-with-linux"></a> 3. Register the daemon with Linux</h3>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo update-rc.d hass-daemon defaults
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="4-install-this-service" href="#4-install-this-service"></a> 4. Install this service</h3>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo service hass-daemon install
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="5-restart-machine" href="#5-restart-machine"></a> 5. Restart Machine</h3>
<p>Thats it. Restart your machine and Home Assistant should start automatically.</p>
<p>If HA does not start, check the log file output for errors at <code class="highlighter-rouge">/var/opt/homeassistant/home-assistant.log</code></p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="extra-running-commands-before-hass-executes" href="#extra-running-commands-before-hass-executes"></a> Extra: Running commands before hass executes</h3>
<p>If any commands need to run before executing hass (like loading a virutal environment), put them in PRE_EXEC. This command must end with a semicolon.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="daemon-script" href="#daemon-script"></a> Daemon script</h3>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="c">### BEGIN INIT INFO</span>
<span class="c"># Provides: hass</span>
<span class="c"># Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog</span>
<span class="c"># Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog</span>
<span class="c"># Default-Start: 2 3 4 5</span>
<span class="c"># Default-Stop: 0 1 6</span>
<span class="c"># Description: Home\ Assistant</span>
<span class="c">### END INIT INFO</span>
<span class="c"># /etc/init.d Service Script for Home Assistant</span>
<span class="c"># Created with: https://gist.github.com/naholyr/4275302#file-new-service-sh</span>
<span class="nv">PRE_EXEC</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span>
<span class="nv">RUN_AS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"USER"</span>
<span class="nv">PID_FILE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/run/hass.pid"</span>
<span class="nv">CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/opt/homeassistant"</span>
<span class="nv">FLAGS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"-v --config </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2"> --pid-file </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2"> --daemon"</span>
<span class="gp">REDIRECT="&gt; </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span>/home-assistant.log 2&gt;&amp;1<span class="s2">"
start() {
if [ -f </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2"> ] &amp;&amp; kill -0 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> 2&gt; /dev/null; then
echo 'Service already running' &gt;&amp;2
return 1
fi
echo 'Starting service…' &gt;&amp;2
local CMD="</span><span class="nv">$PRE_EXEC</span> hass <span class="nv">$FLAGS</span> <span class="nv">$REDIRECT</span>;<span class="s2">"
su -c "</span><span class="nv">$CMD</span><span class="s2">" </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2">
echo 'Service started' &gt;&amp;2
}
stop() {
if [ ! -f "</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">" ] || ! kill -0 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> 2&gt; /dev/null; then
echo 'Service not running' &gt;&amp;2
return 1
fi
echo 'Stopping service…' &gt;&amp;2
kill </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">
while ps -p </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1; do sleep 1;done;
echo 'Service stopped' &gt;&amp;2
}
install() {
echo "</span>Installing Home Assistant Daemon <span class="o">(</span>hass-daemon<span class="o">)</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>999999<span class="s2">" &gt; </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">
chown </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">
mkdir -p </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
chown </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
}
uninstall() {
echo -n "</span>Are you really sure you want to uninstall this service? That cannot be undone. <span class="o">[</span>yes|No] <span class="s2">"
local SURE
read SURE
if [ "</span><span class="nv">$SURE</span><span class="s2">" = "</span>yes<span class="s2">" ]; then
stop
rm -fv "</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>Notice: The config directory has not been removed<span class="s2">"
echo </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
update-rc.d -f hass-daemon remove
rm -fv "</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>Home Assistant Daemon has been removed. Home Assistant is still installed.<span class="s2">"
fi
}
case "</span><span class="nv">$1</span><span class="s2">" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
install)
install
;;
uninstall)
uninstall
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo "</span>Usage: <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">{</span>start|stop|restart|install|uninstall<span class="o">}</span><span class="s2">"
esac
</span></code></pre>
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Autostart on macOS
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<p>Setting up Home Assistant to run as a background service is simple; macOS will start Home Assistant on boot and make sure its always running.</p>
<p>To get Home Assistant installed as a background service, run:</p>
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Autostart on Synology NAS Boot
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<p>To get Home Assistant to automatically start when you boot your Synology NAS:</p>
<p>SSH into your synology &amp; login as admin or root</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">cd</span> /volume1/homeassistant
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<p>Create “homeassistant.conf” file using the following code</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># only start this service after the httpd user process has started</span>
start on started httpd-user
<span class="c"># stop the service gracefully if the runlevel changes to 'reboot'</span>
stop on runlevel <span class="o">[</span>06]
<span class="c"># run the scripts as the 'http' user. Running as root (the default) is a bad ide</span>
<span class="c">#setuid admin</span>
<span class="c"># exec the process. Use fully formed path names so that there is no reliance on</span>
<span class="c"># the 'www' file is a node.js script which starts the foobar application.</span>
<span class="nb">exec</span> /bin/sh /volume1/homeassistant/hass-daemon start
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Register the autostart</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>ln -s homeassistant-conf /etc/init/homeassistant-conf
</code></pre>
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<p>Make the relevant files executable:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>chmod -r 777 /etc/init/homeassistant-conf
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<p>Thats it - reboot your NAS and Home Assistant should automatically start</p>
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Autostart Using Systemd
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<p>Newer linux distributions are trending towards using <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code> for managing daemons. Typically, systems based on Fedora, ArchLinux, or Debian (8 or later) use <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>. This includes Ubuntu releases including and after 15.04, CentOS, and Red Hat. If you are unsure if your system is using <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>, you may check with the following command:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>ps -p 1 -o <span class="nv">comm</span><span class="o">=</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If the preceding command returns the string <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>, you are likely using <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>.</p>
<p>If you want Home Assistant to be launched automatically, an extra step is needed to setup <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>. You need a service file to control Home Assistant with <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code>. If you are using a Raspberry Pi with Raspbian then replace the <code class="highlighter-rouge">[your user]</code> with <code class="highlighter-rouge">pi</code> otherwise use your user you want to run Home Assistant. <code class="highlighter-rouge">ExecStart</code> contains the path to <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass</code> and this may vary. Check with <code class="highlighter-rouge">whereis hass</code> for the location.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>su -c <span class="s1">'cat &lt;&lt;EOF &gt;&gt; /etc/systemd/system/home-assistant@.service
[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=%i
ExecStart=/usr/bin/hass
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF'</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If youve setup Home Assistant in <code class="highlighter-rouge">virtualenv</code> following our <a href="https://home-assistant.io/getting-started/installation-virtualenv/">python installation guide</a> or <a href="https://home-assistant.io/getting-started/installation-raspberry-pi/">manual installation guide for raspberry pi</a>, the following template should work for you.</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=homeassistant
# Make sure the virtualenv Python binary is used
Environment=VIRTUAL_ENV="/srv/homeassistant"
Environment=PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
ExecStart=/srv/homeassistant/bin/hass -c "/home/homeassistant/.homeassistant"
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If you want to use docker, the following template should work for you.</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
Requires=docker.service
After=docker.service
[Service]
Restart=always
RestartSec=3
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --name="home-assistant-%i" -v /home/%i/.homeassistant/:/config -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro --net=host homeassistant/home-assistant
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop -t 2 home-assistant-%i
ExecStopPost=/usr/bin/docker rm -f home-assistant-%i
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You need to reload <code class="highlighter-rouge">systemd</code> to make the daemon aware of the new configuration. Enable and launch Home Assistant after that.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo systemctl --system daemon-reload
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo systemctl <span class="nb">enable </span>home-assistant@[your user]
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo systemctl start home-assistant@[your user]
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If everything went well, <code class="highlighter-rouge">sudo systemctl start home-assistant@[your user]</code> should give you a positive feedback.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo systemctl status home-assistant@[your user] -l
● home-assistant@fab.service - Home Assistant <span class="k">for</span> <span class="o">[</span>your user]
Loaded: loaded <span class="o">(</span>/etc/systemd/system/home-assistant@[your user].service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled<span class="o">)</span>
Active: active <span class="o">(</span>running<span class="o">)</span> since Sat 2016-03-26 12:26:06 CET; 13min ago
Main PID: 30422 <span class="o">(</span>hass<span class="o">)</span>
CGroup: /system.slice/system-home<span class="se">\x</span>2dassistant.slice/home-assistant@[your user].service
├─30422 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/hass
└─30426 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/hass
<span class="o">[</span>...]
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>To get Home Assistants logging output, simple use <code class="highlighter-rouge">journalctl</code>.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>journalctl -f -u home-assistant@[your user]
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Because the log can scroll quite quickly, you might want to open a second terminal to view only the errors:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>journalctl -f -u home-assistant@[your user] | grep -i <span class="s1">'error'</span>
</code></pre>
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<header>
<h1 class="title indent">
Autostart Using Upstart
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>Many linux distributions use the Upstart system (or similar) for managing daemons. Typically, systems based on Debian 7 or previous use Upstart. This includes Ubuntu releases before 15.04. If you are unsure if your system is using Upstart, you may check with the following command:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>ps -p 1 -o <span class="nv">comm</span><span class="o">=</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If the preceding command returns the string <code class="highlighter-rouge">init</code>, you are likely using Upstart.</p>
<p>Upstart will launch init scripts that are located in the directory <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/init.d/</code>. A sample init script for systems using Upstart could look like the sample below.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="c">### BEGIN INIT INFO</span>
<span class="c"># Provides: hass</span>
<span class="c"># Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog</span>
<span class="c"># Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog</span>
<span class="c"># Default-Start: 2 3 4 5</span>
<span class="c"># Default-Stop: 0 1 6</span>
<span class="c"># Description: Home\ Assistant</span>
<span class="c">### END INIT INFO</span>
<span class="c"># /etc/init.d Service Script for Home Assistant</span>
<span class="c"># Created with: https://gist.github.com/naholyr/4275302#file-new-service-sh</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="c"># Installation:</span>
<span class="c"># 1) If any commands need to run before executing hass (like loading a</span>
<span class="c"># virutal environment), put them in PRE_EXEC. This command must end with</span>
<span class="c"># a semicolon.</span>
<span class="c"># 2) Set RUN_AS to the username that should be used to execute hass.</span>
<span class="c"># 3) Copy this script to /etc/init.d/</span>
<span class="c"># sudo cp hass-daemon /etc/init.d/hass-daemon</span>
<span class="c"># sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/hass-daemon</span>
<span class="c"># 4) Register the daemon with Linux</span>
<span class="c"># sudo update-rc.d hass-daemon defaults</span>
<span class="c"># 5) Install this service</span>
<span class="c"># sudo service hass-daemon install</span>
<span class="c"># 6) Restart Machine</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="c"># After installation, HA should start automatically. If HA does not start,</span>
<span class="c"># check the log file output for errors.</span>
<span class="c"># /var/opt/homeassistant/home-assistant.log</span>
<span class="nv">PRE_EXEC</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span>
<span class="nv">RUN_AS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"USER"</span>
<span class="nv">PID_FILE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/run/hass.pid"</span>
<span class="nv">CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/opt/homeassistant"</span>
<span class="nv">FLAGS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"-v --config </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2"> --pid-file </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2"> --daemon"</span>
<span class="gp">REDIRECT="&gt; </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span>/home-assistant.log 2&gt;&amp;1<span class="s2">"
start() {
if [ -f </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2"> ] &amp;&amp; kill -0 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> 2&gt; /dev/null; then
echo 'Service already running' &gt;&amp;2
return 1
fi
echo 'Starting service…' &gt;&amp;2
local CMD="</span><span class="nv">$PRE_EXEC</span> hass <span class="nv">$FLAGS</span> <span class="nv">$REDIRECT</span>;<span class="s2">"
su -c "</span><span class="nv">$CMD</span><span class="s2">" </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2">
echo 'Service started' &gt;&amp;2
}
stop() {
if [ ! -f "</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">" ] || ! kill -0 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> 2&gt; /dev/null; then
echo 'Service not running' &gt;&amp;2
return 1
fi
echo 'Stopping service…' &gt;&amp;2
kill -3 </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">
while ps -p </span><span class="k">$(</span>cat <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> &gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1; do sleep 1;done;
echo 'Service stopped' &gt;&amp;2
}
install() {
echo "</span>Installing Home Assistant Daemon <span class="o">(</span>hass-daemon<span class="o">)</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>999999<span class="s2">" &gt; </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">
chown </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">
mkdir -p </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
chown </span><span class="nv">$RUN_AS</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
}
uninstall() {
echo -n "</span>Are you really sure you want to uninstall this service? That cannot be undone. <span class="o">[</span>yes|No] <span class="s2">"
local SURE
read SURE
if [ "</span><span class="nv">$SURE</span><span class="s2">" = "</span>yes<span class="s2">" ]; then
stop
rm -fv "</span><span class="nv">$PID_FILE</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>Notice: The config directory has not been removed<span class="s2">"
echo </span><span class="nv">$CONFIG_DIR</span><span class="s2">
update-rc.d -f hass-daemon remove
rm -fv "</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="s2">"
echo "</span>Home Assistant Daemon has been removed. Home Assistant is still installed.<span class="s2">"
fi
}
case "</span><span class="nv">$1</span><span class="s2">" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
install)
install
;;
uninstall)
uninstall
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo "</span>Usage: <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">{</span>start|stop|restart|install|uninstall<span class="o">}</span><span class="s2">"
esac
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>To install this script, download it, tweak it to you liking, and install it by following the directions in the header. This script will setup Home Assistant to run when the system boots. To start/stop Home Assistant manually, issue the following commands:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo service hass-daemon start
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo service hass-daemon stop
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>When running Home Assistant with this script, the configuration directory will be located at <code class="highlighter-rouge">/var/opt/homeassistant</code>. This directory will contain a verbose log rather than simply an error log.</p>
<p>When running daemons, it is good practice to have the daemon run under its own user name rather than the default users name. Instructions for setting this up are outside the scope of this document.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Database
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<hr class="divider">
<p>The default database that is used for Home Assistant is <a href="https://www.sqlite.org/">SQLite</a> and is stored in your <a href="/getting-started/configuration/">configuration directory</a>, eg. <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;path to config dir&gt;/.homeassistant/home-assistant_v2.db</code>. You will need an installation of <code class="highlighter-rouge">sqlite3</code>, the command-line for SQLite database, or <a href="http://sqlitebrowser.org/">DB Browser for SQLite</a> which provide an editor for executing SQL commands.
First load your database with <code class="highlighter-rouge">sqlite3</code>.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sqlite3 home-assistant_v2.db
SQLite version 3.13.0 2016-05-18 10:57:30
Enter <span class="s2">".help"</span> <span class="k">for </span>usage hints.
<span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>It helps to set some options to make the output better readable.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>.header on
<span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>.mode column
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You could also start <code class="highlighter-rouge">sqlite3</code> and attach the database later. Not sure what database you are working with? Check it, especially if you are going to delete data.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>.databases
seq name file
--- --------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
0 main /home/fab/.homeassistant/home-assistant_v2.db
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="schema" href="#schema"></a> Schema</h3>
<p>Get all available tables from your current Home Assistant database.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master;
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE events <span class="o">(</span>
event_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
event_type VARCHAR<span class="o">(</span>32<span class="o">)</span>,
event_data TEXT,
origin VARCHAR<span class="o">(</span>32<span class="o">)</span>,
time_fired DATETIME,
created DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY <span class="o">(</span>event_id<span class="o">)</span>
<span class="o">)</span>
CREATE INDEX ix_events_event_type ON events <span class="o">(</span>event_type<span class="o">)</span>
CREATE TABLE recorder_runs <span class="o">(</span>
run_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
start DATETIME,
<span class="s2">"end"</span> DATETIME,
closed_incorrect BOOLEAN,
created DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY <span class="o">(</span>run_id<span class="o">)</span>,
CHECK <span class="o">(</span>closed_incorrect IN <span class="o">(</span>0, 1<span class="o">))</span>
<span class="o">)</span>
CREATE TABLE states <span class="o">(</span>
state_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
domain VARCHAR<span class="o">(</span>64<span class="o">)</span>,
entity_id VARCHAR<span class="o">(</span>64<span class="o">)</span>,
state VARCHAR<span class="o">(</span>255<span class="o">)</span>,
attributes TEXT,
event_id INTEGER,
last_changed DATETIME,
last_updated DATETIME,
created DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY <span class="o">(</span>state_id<span class="o">)</span>,
FOREIGN KEY<span class="o">(</span>event_id<span class="o">)</span> REFERENCES events <span class="o">(</span>event_id<span class="o">)</span>
<span class="o">)</span>
CREATE INDEX states__significant_changes ON states <span class="o">(</span>domain, last_updated, entity_id<span class="o">)</span>
CREATE INDEX states__state_changes ON states <span class="o">(</span>last_changed, last_updated, entity_id<span class="o">)</span>
CREATE TABLE sqlite_stat1<span class="o">(</span>tbl,idx,stat<span class="o">)</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>To only show the details about the <code class="highlighter-rouge">states</code> table as we are using that one in the next examples.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE <span class="nb">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'table'</span> AND tbl_name <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'states'</span>;
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="query" href="#query"></a> Query</h3>
<p>The identification of the available columns in the table is done and we are now able to create a query. Lets list of your Top 10 entities.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>.width 30, 10,
<span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>SELECT entity_id, COUNT<span class="o">(</span><span class="k">*</span><span class="o">)</span> as count FROM states GROUP BY entity_id ORDER BY count DESC LIMIT 10;
entity_id count
------------------------------ ----------
sensor.cpu 28874
sun.sun 21238
sensor.time 18415
sensor.new_york 18393
cover.kitchen_cover 17811
switch.mystrom_switch 14101
sensor.internet_time 12963
sensor.solar_angle1 11397
sensor.solar_angle 10440
group.all_switches 8018
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="delete" href="#delete"></a> Delete</h3>
<p>If you dont want to keep certain entities, you can delete them permanently.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>DELETE FROM states WHERE <span class="nv">entity_id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"sensor.cpu"</span>;
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">VACUUM</code> command cleans the your database.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">sqlite&gt; </span>VACUUM;
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>For a more interactive way to work with the database or the create statistics, checkout our <a href="http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/home-assistant/home-assistant-notebooks/blob/master/">Jupyther notebooks</a>.</p>
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Backend of Home Assistant
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<p>The frontend of Home Assistant is running with <a href="https://www.python.org/">Python 3</a>.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Updater
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>Starting with 0.31 the <a href="/components/updater/">updater component</a> sends an optional report about Home Assistant instance.</p>
<p>We are only collecting this information to better understand our user base to provide better long term support and feature development.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Example</th>
<th>Data Source</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">arch</code></td>
<td>CPU Architecture</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">x86_64</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">distribution</code></td>
<td>Linux Distribution name (only Linux)</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">Ubuntu</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">docker</code></td>
<td>True if running inside Docker</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">false</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">first_seen_datetime</code></td>
<td>First time instance ID was submitted</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">2016-10-22T19:56:03.542Z</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_city</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined city</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">Oakland</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_country_code</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined country code</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">US</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_country_name</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined country name</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">United States</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_latitude</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined latitude</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">37.8047</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_longitude</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined longitude</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">-122.2124</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_metro_code</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined metro code</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">807</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_region_code</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined region code</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">CA</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_region_name</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined region name</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">California</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_time_zone</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined time zone</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">America/Los_Angeles</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">geo_zip_code</code></td>
<td>GeoIP determined zip code</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">94602</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">last_seen_datetime</code></td>
<td>Most recent time instance ID was submitted</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">2016-10-22T19:56:03.542Z</code></td>
<td>Update Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">os_name</code></td>
<td>Operating system name</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">Darwin</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">os_version</code></td>
<td>Operating system version</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">10.12</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">python_version</code></td>
<td>Python version</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">3.5.2</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">timezone</code></td>
<td>Timezone</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">America/Los_Angeles</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">user_agent</code></td>
<td>User agent used to submit analytics</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">python-requests/2.11.1</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">uuid</code></td>
<td>Unique identifier</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">10321ee6094d4a2ebb5ed55c675d5f5e</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">version</code></td>
<td>Home Assistant version</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">0.31.0</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">virtualenv</code></td>
<td>True if running inside virtualenv</td>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">true</code></td>
<td>Local Instance</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In addition to the above collected data, the server will also use your IP address to do a geographic IP address lookup to determine a general geographic area that your address is located in. To be extremely, extremely clear about this bit: <strong>The Home Assistant updater does not: store your IP address in a database and also does not submit the location information from your <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code>.</strong></p>
<p>Our tests showed that at best, we get 4 digits of accuracy on your IP address location which is a 5 mile radius of your actual IP location, assuming that it is even correct in the first place (geo IP lookups are very hit or miss).</p>
<p>The server also adds two timestamps to the data:</p>
<ul>
<li>the original date your instance UUID was first seen</li>
<li>the timestamp of the last time we have seen your instance</li>
</ul>
<p>There are currently no plans to publicly expose any of this information. If we did do such a thing in the future we would of course notify you in advance. It must also be stated that we will never sell or allow the use of this information for non-Home Assistant purposes.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Setup Basic Information
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<p>By default, Home Assistant will try to detect your location from IP address geolocation. Home Assistant will automatically select a temperature unit and time zone based on this location. You can overwrite this by adding the following information to your <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code>:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Omitted values in this section will be auto detected using freegeoip.io</span>
<span class="c1"># Location required to calculate the time the sun rises and sets</span>
<span class="s">latitude</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">32.87336</span>
<span class="s">longitude</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">117.22743</span>
<span class="c1"># Impacts weather/sunrise data (altitude above sea level in meters) </span>
<span class="s">elevation</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">430</span>
<span class="c1"># 'metric' for Metric, 'imperial' for Imperial</span>
<span class="s">unit_system</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">metric</span>
<span class="c1"># Pick yours from here:</span>
<span class="c1"># http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones</span>
<span class="s">time_zone</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">America/Los_Angeles</span>
<span class="c1"># Name of the location where Home Assistant is running</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Home</span>
</code></pre>
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<h3><a class="title-link" name="password-protecting-the-web-interface" href="#password-protecting-the-web-interface"></a> Password protecting the web interface</h3>
<p>First, youll want to add a password for the Home Assistant web interface. Use your favourite text editor to open <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> and edit the <code class="highlighter-rouge">http</code> section:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">http</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">api_password</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">YOUR_PASSWORD</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p class="note warning">
If you decide to expose your Home Assistant instance to the internet and forget to set a password, your installation could be accessed by everybody.
</p>
<p>See the <a href="/components/http/">HTTP component documentation</a> for more options, such as the use of HTTPS encryption.</p>
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Customizing Devices and Services
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<p>By default, all of your devices will be visible and have a default icon determined by their domain. You can customize the look and feel of your front page by altering some of these parameters. This can be done by overriding attributes of specific entities.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Home</span>
<span class="s">unit_system</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">metric</span>
<span class="c1"># etc</span>
<span class="s">customize</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Add an entry for each entity that you want to overwrite.</span>
<span class="s">sensor.living_room_motion</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">hidden</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">true</span>
<span class="s">thermostat.family_room</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">entity_picture</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">https://example.com/images/nest.jpg</span>
<span class="s">friendly_name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Nest</span>
<span class="s">switch.wemo_switch_1</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">friendly_name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Toaster</span>
<span class="s">entity_picture</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">/local/toaster.jpg</span>
<span class="s">switch.wemo_switch_2</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">friendly_name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Kitchen kettle</span>
<span class="s">icon</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mdi:kettle</span>
<span class="s">switch.rfxtrx_switch</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">assumed_state</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">false</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="possible-values" href="#possible-values"></a> Possible values</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Attribute</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">friendly_name</code></td>
<td>Name of the entity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">hidden</code></td>
<td>Set to <code class="highlighter-rouge">true</code> to hide the entity.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">entity_picture</code></td>
<td>Url to use as picture for entity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">icon</code></td>
<td>Any icon from <a href="http://MaterialDesignIcons.com">MaterialDesignIcons.com</a>. Prefix name with <code class="highlighter-rouge">mdi:</code>, ie <code class="highlighter-rouge">mdi:home</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">assumed_state</code></td>
<td>For switches with an assumed state two buttons are shown (turn off, turn on) instead of a switch. By setting <code class="highlighter-rouge">assumed_state</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">false</code> you will get the default switch icon.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">sensor_class</code></td>
<td>Sets the <a href="/components/binary_sensor/">class of the sensor</a>, changing the device state and icon that is displayed on the UI (see below).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="advanced-example" href="#advanced-example"></a> Advanced example</h3>
<p>You can also specify attributes for all devices in a domain, use wildcards, use several entity IDs as a list or comma separated list.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">customize</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor</span>
<span class="s">icon</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mdi:kettle</span> <span class="c1"># Give all sensor the kettle icon</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.family*</span>
<span class="s">hidden</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">true</span> <span class="c1"># Hide all lights that have an ID starting with 'family'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">switch.wemo_switch_1,switch.wemo_switch_2,switch.wemo_switch_3</span>
<span class="s">entity_picture</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">/local/toaster.jpg</span> <span class="c1"># Set picture on multiple devices</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Either <code class="highlighter-rouge">entity_id</code> must be present in each customization block.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="older-format" href="#older-format"></a> Older format</h3>
<p>In the previous version of customize format the keys were the IDs:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Home</span>
<span class="s">unit_system</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">metric</span>
<span class="c1"># etc</span>
<span class="s">customize</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Only the 'entity_id' is required. All other options are optional.</span>
<span class="s">sensor.living_room_motion</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">hidden</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">true</span>
<span class="s">thermostat.family_roomfamily_room</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">entity_picture</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">https://example.com/images/nest.jpg</span>
<span class="s">friendly_name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Nest</span>
<span class="s">switch.wemo_switch_1</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">friendly_name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Toaster</span>
<span class="s">entity_picture</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">/local/toaster.jpg</span>
<span class="s">switch.wemo_switch_2</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">friendly_name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Kitchen kettle</span>
<span class="s">icon</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mdi:kettle</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">switch.rfxtrx_switch</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">assumed_state</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">false</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This format doesnt support comma-separated IDs, wildcards or domain matching.</p>
<p>The formats cant be mixed</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="c1"># NOT A VALID CONFIGURATION</span>
<span class="s">customize</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">sensor.living_room_motion</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">hidden</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">true</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">thermostat.family_roomfamily_room</span>
<span class="s">friendly_name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Nest</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="reloading-customize" href="#reloading-customize"></a> Reloading customize</h3>
<p>Home Assistant offers a service to reload the core configuration while Home Assistant is running called <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant/reload_core_config</code>. This allows you to change your customize section and see it being applied without having to restart Home Assistant. To call this service, go to the <img src="/images/screenshots/developer-tool-services-icon.png" alt="service developer tool icon" class="no-shadow" height="38" /> service developer tools, select the service <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant/reload_core_config</code> and click “Call Service”.</p>
<p class="note warning">
New customize information will be applied the next time the state of the entity gets updated.
</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Adding Devices to Home Assistant
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>Home Assistant will be able to automatically discover many devices and services available on your network if you have <a href="/components/discovery/">the discovery component</a> enabled (the default setting).</p>
<p>See the <a href="/components/">components overview page</a> to find installation instructions for your devices and services. If you cant find support for your favorite device or service, <a href="/developers/add_new_platform/">consider adding support</a>.</p>
<p>Usually every entity needs its own entry in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> file. There are two styles for multiple entries:</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="style-1-collect-every-entity-under-the-parent" href="#style-1-collect-every-entity-under-the-parent"></a> Style 1: Collect every entity under the “parent”</h4>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">sensor</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">state_topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">home/bedroom/temperature"</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">MQTT</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Sensor</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">1"</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">state_topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">home/kitchen/temperature"</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">MQTT</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Sensor</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">2"</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">rest</span>
<span class="s">resource</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">http://IP_ADDRESS/ENDPOINT</span>
<span class="s">switch</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">vera</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="style-2-list-each-device-separately" href="#style-2-list-each-device-separately"></a> Style 2: List each device separately</h4>
<p>You need to append numbers or strings to differentiate the entries, as in the example below. The appended number or string must be unique.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">media_player livingroom</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mpd</span>
<span class="s">server</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">IP_ADDRESS</span>
<span class="s">media_player kitchen</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">plex</span>
<span class="s">camera 1</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">generic</span>
<span class="s">camera 2</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mjpeg</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="grouping-devices" href="#grouping-devices"></a> Grouping devices</h3>
<p>Once you have several devices set up, it is time to organize them into groups.
Each group consists of a name and a list of entity IDs. Entity IDs can be retrieved from the web interface by using the Set State page in the Developer Tools (<img src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/Templarian/MaterialDesign/master/icons/svg/code-tags.svg" alt="&lt;&gt;" />).</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Example configuration.yaml entry showing two styles</span>
<span class="s">group</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">living_room</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.table_lamp, switch.ac</span>
<span class="s">bedroom</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.bedroom</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">media_player.nexus_player</span>
</code></pre>
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<p>For more details please check the <a href="/components/group/">Group</a> page.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Events
</h1>
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<p>The core of Home Assistant is the event bus. The event bus allows any component to fire or listen for events. It is the core of everything. For example, any state change will be announced on the event bus as a <code class="highlighter-rouge">state_changed</code> event containing the previous and the new state of an entity.</p>
<p>Home Assistant contains a few built-in events that are used to coordinate between various components.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-homeassistant_start" href="#event-homeassistant_start"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant_start</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant_start</code> is fired when all components from the configuration have been intitialized. This is the event that will start the timer firing off <code class="highlighter-rouge">time_changed</code> events.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-homeassistant_stop" href="#event-homeassistant_stop"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant_stop</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant_stop</code> is fired when Home Assistant is shutting down. It should be used to close any open connection or release any resources.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-state_changed" href="#event-state_changed"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">state_changed</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">state_changed</code> is fired when a state changes. Both <code class="highlighter-rouge">old_state</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">new_state</code> are state objects. <a href="/topics/state_object/">Documentation about state objects.</a></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">entity_id</code></td>
<td>Entity ID of the changed entity. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">light.kitchen</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">old_state</code></td>
<td>The previous state of the entity before it changed. This field is ommitted if the entity is new.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">new_state</code></td>
<td>The new state of the entity. This field is ommitted if the entity is removed from the state machine.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-time_changed" href="#event-time_changed"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">time_changed</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">time_changed</code> is fired every second by the timer and contains the current time.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">now</code></td>
<td>A <a href="https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime">datetime object</a> containing the current time in UTC.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-service_registered" href="#event-service_registered"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">service_registered</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">service_registered</code> is fired when a new service has been registered within Home Assistant.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">domain</code></td>
<td>Domain of the service. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">light</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">service</code></td>
<td>The service to call. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">turn_on</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-call_service" href="#event-call_service"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">call_service</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">call_service</code> is fired to call a service.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">domain</code></td>
<td>Domain of the service. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">light</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">service</code></td>
<td>The service to call. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">turn_on</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">service_data</code></td>
<td>Dictionary with the service call parameters. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">'brightness':</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">120</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span></code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">service_call_id</code></td>
<td>String with a unique call id. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">23123-4</code>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-service_executed" href="#event-service_executed"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">service_executed</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">service_executed</code> is fired by the service handler to indicate the service is done.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">service_call_id</code></td>
<td>String with the unique call id of the service call that was executed. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">23123-4</code>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-platform_discovered" href="#event-platform_discovered"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">platform_discovered</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">platform_discovered</code> is fired when a new platform has been discovered by the discovery component.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">service</code></td>
<td>The service that is discovered. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">zwave</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">discovered</code></td>
<td>Information that is discovered. Can be a dict, tuple etc. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">(192.168.1.10, 8889)</code>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="event-component_loaded" href="#event-component_loaded"></a> Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">component_loaded</code></h3>
<p>Event <code class="highlighter-rouge">component_loaded</code> is fired when a new component has been loaded and initialized.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">component</code></td>
<td>Domain of the component that has just been initialized. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">light</code>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</article>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Group Visibility
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<hr class="divider">
<p>After filling Home Assistant with all your precious home automation devices, you usually end up with a cluttered interface and lots of groups that are not interesting in your current context. What if you just want to show groups that are interesting <em>now</em> and hide the rest? Thats when group visibility comes to play.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="changing-visibility-of-a-group" href="#changing-visibility-of-a-group"></a> Changing visibility of a group</h2>
<p>To change visibility of a group, use the service <code class="highlighter-rouge">group.set_visibility</code>, pass the group name as <code class="highlighter-rouge">entity_id</code> and use <code class="highlighter-rouge">visible</code> to decide wheter the group should be shown or hidden.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.set_visibility</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.basement</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">visible</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">False</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p class="note">
If a sensor belongs to only one group and that group is hidden, the sensor will “jump” to the top of the web interface. Add the sensor to an additional (visible) group if you do not want this to happen.
</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="automations" href="#automations"></a> Automations</h2>
<p>First you should decide under which circumstances a group should be visible or not. Depending on the complexity, you might have to write two automations: one that hides the group and another that shows it.</p>
<p>In this example, the group <code class="highlighter-rouge">group.basement</code> is hidden when the sun sets and shown again when it rises:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sun</span>
<span class="s">event</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sunset</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.set_visibility</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.basement</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">visible</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">False</span>
<span class="s">automation 2</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sun</span>
<span class="s">event</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sunrise</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.set_visibility</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.basement</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">visible</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">True</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="easier-automations" href="#easier-automations"></a> Easier automations</h2>
<p>One of the most common uses cases are to show groups during certain times of day, maybe commuting information during a work day morning or light switches when it is getting dark. The complexity of automations needed to make this happen will quickly get out of hand. So, one way to make the automations easier is to create a sensor that alters its state depending on time of day. One way of doing that is using a <code class="highlighter-rouge">command_line</code> sensor and a script:</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/usr/bin/env python3</span>
<span class="c"># -*- coding: utf-8 -*-</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">datetime</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">time</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">datetime</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mk_occasion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">end</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">days</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">':'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">e</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">end</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">':'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'name'</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s">'start'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">time</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])),</span>
<span class="s">'end'</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">time</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])),</span>
<span class="s">'days'</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">days</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c"># Matching is done from top to bottom</span>
<span class="n">OCCASIONS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="c"># More specific occasions</span>
<span class="n">mk_occasion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'work_morning'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'06:00:00'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'07:10:00'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)),</span>
<span class="c"># General matching</span>
<span class="n">mk_occasion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'weekday'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'00:00:00'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'23:59:59'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)),</span>
<span class="n">mk_occasion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'weekend'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'00:00:00'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'23:59:59'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get_current_occasion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">occasion_list</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">default_occasion</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'normal'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">now</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">occasion</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">OCCASIONS</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">occasion</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'start'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">now</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">occasion</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'end'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">and</span> \
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">occasion</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'days'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">None</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">now</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">weekday</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">occasion</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'days'</span><span class="p">]):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">occasion</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'name'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">default_occasion</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">'__main__'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_current_occasion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">OCCASIONS</span><span class="p">))</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This script will output “work_morning” from 06:00-07:10 during weekdays (monday-friday), “weekday” during all other time from monday-friday and “weekend” on saturdays and sundays. Adjust according to your needs. To create the sensor, just add it like this:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">sensor</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">command_line</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Occasion</span>
<span class="s">command</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">python3</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">occasion.py"</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>To simplify things, we create a Home Assistant script that changes the visibility of a group, but also verifies that an entity is in a specific state:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">script</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">group_visibility</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">sequence</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.set_visibility</span>
<span class="s">data_template</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
<span class="s">visible</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">is_state(cond,</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">visible_state)</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The last part is writing an automation that hides or shows the group:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Work morning</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor.occasion</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">event</span>
<span class="s">event_type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">homeassistant_start</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">script.group_visibility</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.work_sensors</span>
<span class="s">cond</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor.occasion</span>
<span class="s">visible_state</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">work_morning'</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Our previously defined script will be called if <code class="highlighter-rouge">sensor.occasion</code> changes state OR when Home Assistant has started. The group <code class="highlighter-rouge">group.work_sensors</code> will be shown when <code class="highlighter-rouge">sensor.occasion</code> changes state to “work_morning” and hidden otherwise.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="the-complete-example" href="#the-complete-example"></a> The complete example</h3>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">group</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">default_view</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">entities</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">group.work_sensors</span>
<span class="c1"># Only visible when it's time to go to work</span>
<span class="s">work_sensors</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Time to go to work</span>
<span class="s">entities</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">sensor.something1</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">sensor.something2</span>
<span class="s">sensor</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">command_line</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Occasion</span>
<span class="s">command</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">python3</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">occasion.py"</span>
<span class="s">script</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">group_visibility</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">sequence</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.set_visibility</span>
<span class="s">data_template</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
<span class="s">visible</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">{{</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">is_state(cond,</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">visible_state)</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">}}'</span>
<span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Work morning</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor.occasion</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">event</span>
<span class="s">event_type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">homeassistant_start</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">script.group_visibility</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">group.work_sensors</span>
<span class="s">cond</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor.occasion</span>
<span class="s">visible_state</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">work_morning'</span>
</code></pre>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Configuring Home Assistant
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<p>When launched for the first time, Home Assistant will write a default configuration file enabling the web interface and device discovery. It can take up to a minute for your devices to be discovered and appear in the user interface.</p>
<p>The location of the folder differs between operating systems:</p>
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<p>If you want to use a different folder for configuration, use the config command line parameter: <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass --config path/to/config</code>.</p>
<p>Inside your configuration folder is the file <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code>. This is the main file that contains components to be loaded with their configurations. Throughout the documentation you will find snippets that you can add to your configuration file to enable functionality.</p>
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You will have to restart Home Assistant for changes to <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> to take effect.
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<p>If you run into trouble while configuring Home Assistant, have a look at the <a href="/getting-started/troubleshooting-configuration/">configuration troubleshooting page</a> and at the <a href="/cookbook/#example-configurationyaml">configuration.yaml examples</a>.</p>
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<header>
<h1 class="title indent">
Packages
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>Packages in Home Assistant provides a way to bundle different components configuration together. We were already introduced to the two configuration styles (specifying platforms entries together or individually) on the <a href="/docs/configuration/devices/">adding devices</a> page. Both of these configuration methods require you to create the component key in the main <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> file. With packages we have a way to include different components, or parts of configuration using any of the <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include</code> directives introduced in <a href="/docs/configuration/splitting_configuration">splitting the configuration</a>.</p>
<p>Packages are configured under the core <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant/packages</code> in the configuration and take the format of a packages name (no spaces, all lower case) followed by a dictionary with the package config. For example, package <code class="highlighter-rouge">pack_1</code> would be created as:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">packages</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">pack_1</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...package configuration here...</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The package configuration can include: <code class="highlighter-rouge">switch</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">light</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">automation</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">groups</code> or the majority of the Home Assistant components.</p>
<p>It can be specified inline or in a seperate YAML file using <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include</code>.</p>
<p>Inline example, main <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code>:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">packages</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">pack_1</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">switch</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">rest</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">light</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">rpi</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Include example, main <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code>:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">packages</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">pack_1</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">my_package.yaml</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The file <code class="highlighter-rouge">my_package.yaml</code> contains the “top-level” configuration:</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>switch:
- platform: rest
...
light:
- platform: rpi
...
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>There are some rules for packages that will be merged:</p>
<ol>
<li>Component names may only use the basic form (e.g. <code class="highlighter-rouge">switch</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">switch 1</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">switch aa</code> is not accepted).</li>
<li>Platform based components (<code class="highlighter-rouge">light</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">switch</code>, etc) can always be merged.</li>
<li>
<p>Components where entities are identified by a key that will represent the entity_id (<code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">key:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">config</span><span class="p">}</span></code>) need to have unique keys between packages and the main configuration file.</p>
<p>For example if we have the following in the main config. You are not allowed to re-use “my_input” again for <code class="highlighter-rouge">input_boolean</code> in a package:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">yaml
input_boolean:
my_input:
</code></p>
</li>
<li>Any component that is not a platform [2], or dictionaries with Entity ID keys [3] cannot be merged and can only occur once between all packages and the main configuration.</li>
</ol>
<p class="note tip">
Components inside packages can only specify platform entries using configuration style 1, where all the platforms are grouped under the component name.
</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="create-a-packages-folder" href="#create-a-packages-folder"></a> Create a packages folder</h3>
<p>One way to organise packages would be to create a folder named “packages” in your Home Assistant configuration directory. In the packages directory you can store any number of packages in a YAML file. This entry in your <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> will load all packages:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">packages</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include_dir_named</span> <span class="s">packages</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This uses the concept splitting the configuration and will include all files in a directory with the keys representing the filenames.
See the documentation about <a href="/docs/configuration/splitting_configuration/">splitting the configuration</a> for more information about <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_named</code> and other include statements that might be helpful.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Entity Component Platform Options
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<p>Any component that is based on the entity component allows various extra options to be set per platform.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="entity-namespace" href="#entity-namespace"></a> Entity namespace</h3>
<p>By setting an entity namespace, all entities will be prefixed with that namespace. That way <code class="highlighter-rouge">light.bathroom</code> can become <code class="highlighter-rouge">light.holiday_house_bathroom</code>.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Example configuration.yaml entry</span>
<span class="s">light</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">hue</span>
<span class="s">entity_namespace</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">holiday_house</span>
</code></pre>
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<h3><a class="title-link" name="scan-interval" href="#scan-interval"></a> Scan Interval</h3>
<p>Platforms that require polling will be polled in an interval specified by the main component. For example a light will check every 30 seconds for a changed state. It is possible to overwrite this scan interval for any platform that is being polled by specifying a <code class="highlighter-rouge">scan_interval</code> config key. In the example below we setup the Philips Hue lights but tell Home Assistant to poll the devices every 10 seconds instead of the default 30 seconds.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Example configuration.yaml entry to poll Hue lights every 10 seconds.</span>
<span class="s">light</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">hue</span>
<span class="s">scan_interval</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">10</span>
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<p>If youre interested in logging in to Home Assistant while away, youll have to make your instance remotely accessible.</p>
<p>The most common approach is to set up port forwarding from your router to port 8123 on the computer that is hosting Home Assistant. General instructions on how to do this can be found by searching <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;router model&gt; port forwarding instructions</code>.</p>
<p>A problem with making a port accessible is that some Internet Service Providers only offer dynamic IPs. This can cause you to lose access to Home Assistant while away. You can solve this by using a free Dynamic DNS service like <a href="https://www.duckdns.org/">DuckDNS</a>.</p>
<p>Remember: Just putting a port up is not secure. You should definitely consider encrypting your traffic if you are accessing your Home Assistant installation remotely. For details please check the <a href="/blog/2015/12/13/setup-encryption-using-lets-encrypt/">set up encryption using Lets Encrypt</a> blog post.</p>
<p>Protect your communication with a <a href="/cookbook/tls_self_signed_certificate/">self-signed certificate</a> between your client and the Home Assistant instance.</p>
<p>For another way to access your Home Assistant frontend, check out <a href="/cookbook/tor_configuration/">the instructions how to use Tor</a>.</p>
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Storing Secrets
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<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> file is a plain-text file, thus it is readable by anyone who has access to the file. The file contains passwords and API tokens which need to be redacted if you want to share your configuration. By using <code class="highlighter-rouge">!secrets</code> you can remove any private information from you configuration files. This separation can also help you to keep easier track of your passwords and API keys. As they are all stored at one place and no longer spread across the <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> file or even multiple yaml files if you <a href="/topics/splitting_configuration/">split up your configuration</a>.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="using-secretsyaml" href="#using-secretsyaml"></a> Using secrets.yaml</h3>
<p>The workflow for moving private information to <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code> is very similar to the <a href="/topics/splitting_configuration/">splitting of the configuration</a>. Create a <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code> file in your Home assistant configuration directory (The location of the folder differs between operating systems: on OS X and Linux its <code class="highlighter-rouge">~/.homeassistant</code> and on Windows its <code class="highlighter-rouge">%APPDATA%/.homeassistant</code>).</p>
<p>The entries for password and API keys in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> file usually looks like the example below.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">http</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">api_password</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">YOUR_PASSWORD</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Those entries need to be replaced with <code class="highlighter-rouge">!secret</code> and a identifier.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">http</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">api_password</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!secret</span> <span class="s">http_password</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code> file contains the corresponding password assigned to the identifier.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">http_password</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">YOUR_PASSWORD</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="debugging-secrets" href="#debugging-secrets"></a> Debugging secrets</h3>
<p>When you start splitting your configuration into multiple files, you might end up with configuration in sub folders. Secrets will be resolved in this order:</p>
<ul>
<li>A <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code> located in the same folder as the yaml file referencing the secret,</li>
<li>next, parent folders will be searched for a <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code> file with the secret, stopping at the folder with the main <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code>,</li>
<li>lastly, <code class="highlighter-rouge">keyring</code> will be queried for the secret (more info below)</li>
</ul>
<p>To see where secrets are being loaded from you can either add an option to your <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code> file or use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">check_config</code> script.</p>
<p><em>Option 1</em>: Print where secrets are retrieved from to the Home Assistant log by adding the following to <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code>:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">logger</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">debug</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This will not print the actual secrets value to the log.</p>
<p><em>Option 2</em>: View where secrets are retrieved from and the contents of all <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code> files used, you can use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">check_config</code> script from the command line:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>hass --script check_config --secrets
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This will print all your secrets</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="storing-passwords-in-a-keyring-managed-by-your-os" href="#storing-passwords-in-a-keyring-managed-by-your-os"></a> Storing passwords in a keyring managed by your OS</h3>
<p>Using <a href="http://pythonhosted.org/keyring/">Keyring</a> is an alternative way to <code class="highlighter-rouge">secrets.yaml</code>. They can be managed from the command line via the keyring script.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hass --script keyring --help
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>To store a password in keyring, replace your password or API key with <code class="highlighter-rouge">!secret</code> and an identifier in <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> file.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">http</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">api_password</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!secret</span> <span class="s">http_password</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Create an entry in your keyring.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hass --script keyring <span class="nb">set </span>http_password
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If you launch Home Assistant now, you will be prompted for the keyring password to unlock your keyring.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hass
Config directory: /home/fab/.homeassistant
Please enter password <span class="k">for </span>encrypted keyring:
</code></pre>
</div>
<p class="note warning">
If your are using the Python Keyring, <a href="/getting-started/autostart/">autostarting</a> of Home Assistant will no longer work.
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<h1 class="title indent">
Securing
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<p>One major advantage of Home Assistant is that its not dependent on cloud services. Even if youre only using Home Assistant on a local network, you should take steps to secure your instance.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="checklist" href="#checklist"></a> Checklist</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://home-assistant.io/getting-started/basic/#password-protecting-the-web-interface">Protect your web interface with a password</a></li>
<li>Secure your host. Sources could be <a href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/pdf/Security_Guide/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux-7-Security_Guide-en-US.pdf">Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Security Guide</a>, <a href="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/tools2/linux/CIS_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_7_Benchmark_v1.0.0.pdf">CIS Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Benchmark</a>, or the <a href="https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/index.en.html">Securing Debian Manual</a>.</li>
<li>Restrict network access to your devices. Set <code class="highlighter-rouge">PermitRootLogin no</code> in your sshd config (usually <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code>) and to use SSH keys for authentication instead of passwords.</li>
<li>Dont run Home Assistant as root consider the Principle of Least Privilege.</li>
<li>Keep your <a href="/topics/secrets/">secrets</a> safe.</li>
</ul>
<p>If you want to allow remote access, consider these additional points:</p>
<ul>
<li>Protect your communication with <a href="/blog/2015/12/13/setup-encryption-using-lets-encrypt/">TLS</a></li>
<li>Protect your communication with <a href="/cookbook/tor_configuration/">Tor</a></li>
<li>Protect your communication with a <a href="/cookbook/tls_self_signed_certificate/">self-signed certificate</a></li>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Splitting Up the Configuration
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>So youve been using Home Assistant for a while now and your <a href="https://home-assistant.io/cookbook/configuration_yaml_from_bassclarinetl2/">configuration.yaml file brings people to tears</a> or you simply want to start off with the distributed approach, heres how to “split the configuration.yaml” into more manageable (read: humanly readable) pieces.</p>
<p>First off, several community members have sanitized (read: without api keys/passwords etc) versions of their configurations available for viewing, you can see a list of them <a href="https://home-assistant.io/cookbook/#example-configurationyaml">here</a>.</p>
<p>As commenting code doesnt always happen, please read on for the details.</p>
<p>Now despite the logical assumption that the <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> will be replaced by this process it will in fact remain, albeit in a much less cluttered form.</p>
<p>In this lighter version we will still need what could be called the core snippet:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">homeassistant</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Name of the location where Home Assistant is running</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">My Home Assistant Instance</span>
<span class="c1"># Location required to calculate the time the sun rises and sets</span>
<span class="s">latitude</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">37</span>
<span class="s">longitude</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">-121</span>
<span class="c1"># 'metric' for Metric, 'imperial' for Imperial</span>
<span class="s">unit_system</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">imperial</span>
<span class="c1"># Pick yours from here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones</span>
<span class="s">time_zone</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">America/Los_Angeles</span>
<span class="s">customize</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">customize.yaml</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Note that each line after <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant:</code> is indented two (2) spaces. Since the configuration files in Home Assistant are based on the YAML language, indentation and spacing are important. Also note that seemingly strange entry under <code class="highlighter-rouge">customize:</code>.</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">!include filename.yaml</code> is the statement that tells Home Assistant to insert the contents of <code class="highlighter-rouge">filename.yaml</code> at that point. This is how we are going to break a monolithic and hard to read file (when it gets big) into more manageable chunks.</p>
<p>Now before we start splitting out the different components, lets look at the other components (in our example) that will stay in the base file:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">history</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">frontend</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">logbook</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">http</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">api_password</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">ImNotTelling!</span>
<span class="s">ifttt</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">key</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">[</span><span class="nv">nope</span><span class="pi">]</span>
<span class="s">wink</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">access_token</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">[</span><span class="nv">wouldn't you</span><span class="pi">]</span>
<span class="s">refresh_token</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">[</span><span class="nv">like to know</span><span class="pi">]</span>
<span class="s">zwave</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">usb_path</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">/dev/ttyUSB0</span>
<span class="s">config_path</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">/usr/local/share/python-openzwave/config</span>
<span class="s">polling_interval</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">10000</span>
<span class="s">mqtt</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">broker</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">127.0.0.1</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>As with the core snippet, indentation makes a difference. The component headers (<code class="highlighter-rouge">mqtt:</code>) should be fully left aligned (aka no indent), and the parameters (<code class="highlighter-rouge">broker:</code>) should be indented two (2) spaces.</p>
<p>While some of these components can technically be moved to a separate file they are so small or “one offs” where splitting them off is superfluous. Also, youll notice the # symbol (hash/pound). This represents a “comment” as far as the commands are interpreted. Put another way, any line prefixed with a <code class="highlighter-rouge">#</code> will be ignored. This makes breaking up files for human readability really convenient, not to mention turning off features while leaving the entry intact. (Look at the <code class="highlighter-rouge">zigbee:</code> entry above and the b entry further down)</p>
<p>Now, lets assume that a blank file has been created in the Home Assistant configuration directory for each of the following:</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>automation.yaml
zones.yaml
sensors.yaml
switches.yaml
device_tracker.yaml
customize.yaml
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">automation.yaml</code> will hold all the automation component details. <code class="highlighter-rouge">zones.yaml</code> will hold the zone component details and so forth. These files can be called anything but giving them names that match their function will make things easier to keep track of.</p>
<p>Inside the base configuration file add the following entries:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">automation.yaml</span>
<span class="s">zone</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">zones.yaml</span>
<span class="s">sensor</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">sensors.yaml</span>
<span class="s">switch</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">switches.yaml</span>
<span class="s">device_tracker</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.yaml</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Note that there can only be one <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include:</code> for each component so chaining them isnt going to work. If that sounds like greek, dont worry about it.</p>
<p>Alright, so weve got the single components and the include statements in the base file, what goes in those extra files?</p>
<p>Lets look at the <code class="highlighter-rouge">device_tracker.yaml</code> file from our example:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">owntracks</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">nmap_tracker</span>
<span class="s">hosts</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">192.168.2.0/24</span>
<span class="s">home_interval</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">3</span>
<span class="s">track_new_devices</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">yes</span>
<span class="s">interval_seconds</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">40</span>
<span class="s">consider_home</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">120</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This small example illustrates how the “split” files work. In this case, we start with a “comment block” identifying the file followed by two (2) device tracker entries (<code class="highlighter-rouge">owntracks</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">nmap</code>). These files follow <a href="/getting-started/devices/#style-2-list-each-device-separately">“style 1”</a> that is to say a fully left aligned leading entry (<code class="highlighter-rouge">- platform: owntracks</code>) followed by the parameter entries indented two (2) spaces.</p>
<p>This (large) sensor configuration gives us another example:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1">### sensors.yaml</span>
<span class="c1">### METEOBRIDGE #############################################</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">tcp</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Outdoor</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Temp</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">(Meteobridge)'</span>
<span class="s">host</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">192.168.2.82</span>
<span class="s">timeout</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">6</span>
<span class="s">payload</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Content-type:</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">text/xml;</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">charset=UTF-8</span><span class="se">\n\n</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s">value_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">{{value.split</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">('</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">')[2]}}"</span>
<span class="s">unit</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">C</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">tcp</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Outdoor</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Humidity</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">(Meteobridge)'</span>
<span class="s">host</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">192.168.2.82</span>
<span class="s">port</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">5556</span>
<span class="s">timeout</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">6</span>
<span class="s">payload</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Content-type:</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">text/xml;</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">charset=UTF-8</span><span class="se">\n\n</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s">value_template</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">{{value.split</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">('</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">')[3]}}"</span>
<span class="s">unit</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Percent</span>
<span class="c1">#### STEAM FRIENDS ##################################</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">steam_online</span>
<span class="s">api_key</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">[</span><span class="nv">not telling</span><span class="pi">]</span>
<span class="s">accounts</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">76561198012067051</span>
<span class="c1">#### TIME/DATE ##################################</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">time_date</span>
<span class="s">display_options</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">time'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">date'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">worldclock</span>
<span class="s">time_zone</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Etc/UTC</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">UTC'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">worldclock</span>
<span class="s">time_zone</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">America/New_York</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Ann</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Arbor'</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Youll notice that this example includes a secondary parameter section (under the steam section) as well as a better example of the way comments can be used to break down files into sections.</p>
<p>That about wraps it up.</p>
<p>If you have issues checkout <code class="highlighter-rouge">home-assistant.log</code> in the configuration directory as well as your indentations. If all else fails, head over to the <a href="https://gitter.im/balloob/home-assistant">Gitter Chatroom</a> and ask away.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="debugging-multiple-configuration-files" href="#debugging-multiple-configuration-files"></a> Debugging multiple configuration files</h3>
<p>If you have many configuration files, the <code class="highlighter-rouge">check_config</code> script allows you to see how Home Assistant interprets them:</p>
<ul>
<li>Listing all loaded files: <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass --script check_config --files</code></li>
<li>Viewing a components config: <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass --script check_config --info light</code></li>
<li>Or all components config: <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass --script check_config --info all</code></li>
</ul>
<p>You can get help from the command line using: <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass --script check_config --help</code></p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="advanced-usage" href="#advanced-usage"></a> Advanced Usage</h3>
<p>We offer four advanced options to include whole directories at once.</p>
<ul>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_list</code> will return the content of a directory as a list with each file content being an entry in the list.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_named</code> will return the content of a directory as a dictionary which maps filename =&gt; content of file.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_merge_list</code> will return the content of a directory as a list by merging all files (which should contain a list) into 1 big list.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_merge_named</code> will return the content of a directory as a dictionary by loading each file and merging it into 1 big dictionary.</li>
</ul>
<p>These work recursively. As an example using <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_* automation</code>, will include all 6 files shown below:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>.
└── .homeassistant
├── automation
│   ├── lights
│   │   ├── turn_light_off_bedroom.yaml
│   │   ├── turn_light_off_lounge.yaml
│   │   ├── turn_light_on_bedroom.yaml
│   │   └── turn_light_on_lounge.yaml
│   ├── say_hello.yaml
│   └── sensors
│   └── react.yaml
└── configuration.yaml <span class="o">(</span>not included<span class="o">)</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="example-include_dir_list" href="#example-include_dir_list"></a> Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_list</code></h4>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Automation 1</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.iphone</span>
<span class="s">to</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_on</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.entryway</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Automation 2</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.iphone</span>
<span class="s">from</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_off</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.entryway</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>can be turned into:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include_dir_list</span> <span class="s">automation/presence/</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">automation/presence/automation1.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Automation 1</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.iphone</span>
<span class="s">to</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_on</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.entryway</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">automation/presence/automation2.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Automation 2</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.iphone</span>
<span class="s">from</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_off</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.entryway</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>It is important to note that each file must contain only <strong>one</strong> entry when using <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_list</code>.</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="example-include_dir_named" href="#example-include_dir_named"></a> Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_named</code></h4>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>
<span class="s">alexa</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">intents</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">LocateIntent</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.pushover</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Your location has been queried via Alexa.</span>
<span class="s">speech</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">plaintext</span>
<span class="s">text</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">&gt;</span>
<span class="no">{%- for state in states.device_tracker -%}</span>
<span class="no">{%- if state.name.lower() == User.lower() -%}</span>
<span class="no">{{ state.name }} is at {{ state.state }}</span>
<span class="no">{%- endif -%}</span>
<span class="no">{%- else -%}</span>
<span class="no">I am sorry. Pootie! I do not know where {{User}} is.</span>
<span class="no">{%- endfor -%}</span>
<span class="s">WhereAreWeIntent</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">speech</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">plaintext</span>
<span class="s">text</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">&gt;</span>
<span class="no">{%- if is_state('device_tracker.iphone', 'home') -%}</span>
<span class="no">iPhone is home.</span>
<span class="no">{%- else -%}</span>
<span class="no">iPhone is not home.</span>
<span class="no">{% endif %}</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>can be turned into:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">alexa</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">intents</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include_dir_named</span> <span class="s">alexa/</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">alexa/LocateIntent.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.pushover</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Your location has been queried via Alexa.</span>
<span class="s">speech</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">plaintext</span>
<span class="s">text</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">&gt;</span>
<span class="no">{%- for state in states.device_tracker -%}</span>
<span class="no">{%- if state.name.lower() == User.lower() -%}</span>
<span class="no">{{ state.name }} is at {{ state.state }}</span>
<span class="no">{%- endif -%}</span>
<span class="no">{%- else -%}</span>
<span class="no">I am sorry. Pootie! I do not know where {{User}} is.</span>
<span class="no">{%- endfor -%}</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">alexa/WhereAreWeIntent.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>
<span class="s">speech</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">plaintext</span>
<span class="s">text</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">&gt;</span>
<span class="no">{%- if is_state('device_tracker.iphone', 'home') -%}</span>
<span class="no">iPhone is home.</span>
<span class="no">{%- else -%}</span>
<span class="no">iPhone is not home.</span>
<span class="no">{% endif %}</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="example-include_dir_merge_list" href="#example-include_dir_merge_list"></a> Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_merge_list</code></h4>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Automation 1</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.iphone</span>
<span class="s">to</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_on</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.entryway</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Automation 2</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.iphone</span>
<span class="s">from</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_off</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.entryway</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>can be turned into:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include_dir_merge_list</span> <span class="s">automation/</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">automation/presence.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Automation 1</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.iphone</span>
<span class="s">to</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_on</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.entryway</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Automation 2</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">state</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">device_tracker.iphone</span>
<span class="s">from</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">home'</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.turn_off</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.entryway</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>It is important to note that when using <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_merge_list</code>, you must include a list in each file (each list item is denoted with a hyphen [-]). Each file may contain one or more entries.</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="example-include_dir_merge_named" href="#example-include_dir_merge_named"></a> Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">!include_dir_merge_named</code></h4>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">group</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">bedroom</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Bedroom</span>
<span class="s">entities</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.bedroom_lamp</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.bedroom_overhead</span>
<span class="s">hallway</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Hallway</span>
<span class="s">entities</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.hallway</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">thermostat.home</span>
<span class="s">front_yard</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Front Yard</span>
<span class="s">entities</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.front_porch</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.security</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.pathway</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">sensor.mailbox</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">camera.front_porch</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>can be turned into:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">group</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include_dir_merge_named</span> <span class="s">group/</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">group/interior.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">bedroom</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Bedroom</span>
<span class="s">entities</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.bedroom_lamp</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.bedroom_overhead</span>
<span class="s">hallway</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Hallway</span>
<span class="s">entities</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.hallway</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">thermostat.home</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">group/exterior.yaml</code></p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">front_yard</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Front Yard</span>
<span class="s">entities</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.front_porch</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.security</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">light.pathway</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">sensor.mailbox</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">camera.front_porch</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
</article>
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<h1 class="title indent">
State Objects
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<p>Your devices are represented in Home Assistant as entities. The entities will write their current state to the state machine for other entities/templates/frontend to access. States are a current representation of the entity.</p>
<p>If you overwrite a state via the states dev tool or the API, it will not impact the actual device. If the device state is being polled, it will overwrite the state in the state machine the next polling.</p>
<p>All states will always have an entity id, a state and a timestamp when last updated and last changed.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">state.state</code></td>
<td>String representation of the current state of the entity. Example <code class="highlighter-rouge">off</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">state.entity_id</code></td>
<td>Entity ID. Format: <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;domain&gt;.&lt;object_id&gt;</code>. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">light.kitchen</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">state.domain</code></td>
<td>Domain of the entity. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">light</code>.</td>
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<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">state.object_id</code></td>
<td>Object ID of entity. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">kitchen</code>.</td>
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<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">state.name</code></td>
<td>Name of the entity. Based on <code class="highlighter-rouge">friendly_name</code> attribute with fall back to object ID. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">Kitchen Ceiling</code>.</td>
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<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">state.last_updated</code></td>
<td>Time the state was written to the state machine. Note that writing the exact same state including attributes will not result in this field being updated. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">14:10:03 13-03-2016</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">state.last_changed</code></td>
<td>Time the state changed. This is not updated when there are only updated attributes. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">14:10:03 13-03-2016</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">state.attributes</code></td>
<td>A dictionary with extra attributes related to the current state.</td>
</tr>
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<p>The attributes of an entity are optional. There are a few attributes that are used by Home Assistant for representing the entity in a specific way. Each component will also have its own attributes to represent extra state data about the entity. For example, the light component has attributes for the current brightness and color of the light. When an attribute is not available, Home Assistant will not write it to the state.</p>
<p>When using templates, attributes will be available by their name. For example <code class="highlighter-rouge">state.attributes.assumed_state</code>.</p>
<table>
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<th>Attribute</th>
<th>Description</th>
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</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">friendly_name</code></td>
<td>Name of the entity. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">Kitchen Ceiling</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">icon</code></td>
<td>Icon to use for the entity in the frontend. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">mdi:home</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">hidden</code></td>
<td>Boolean if the entity should not be shown in the frontend. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">true</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">entity_picture</code></td>
<td>Url to a picture that should be used instead of showing the domain icon. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">http://example.com/picture.jpg</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">assumed_state</code></td>
<td>Boolean if the current state is an assumption. <a href="https://home-assistant.io/blog/2016/02/12/classifying-the-internet-of-things/#classifiers">More info</a> Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">True</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">unit_of_measurement</code></td>
<td>The unit of measurement the state is expressed in. Used for grouping graphs or understanding the entity. Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">°C</code>.</td>
</tr>
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<p>When an attribute contains spaces, you can retrieve it like this: <code class="highlighter-rouge">states.sensor.livingroom.attributes["Battery numeric"]</code>.</p>
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<header>
<h1 class="title indent">
Templating
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>This is an advanced feature of Home Assistant. Youll need a basic understanding of the following things:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="/developers/architecture/">Home Assistant architecture</a>, especially states.</li>
<li><a href="/topics/state_object/">State object</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Templating is a powerful feature in Home Assistant that allows the user control over information that is going into and out of the system. It is used for:</p>
<ul>
<li>Formatting outgoing messages in, for example, the <a href="/components/notify/">notify</a> and <a href="/components/alexa/">alexa</a> components.</li>
<li>Process incoming data from sources that provide raw data, like <a href="/components/mqtt/">MQTT</a>, <a href="/components/sensor.rest/">REST sensor</a>, or the <a href="/components/sensor.command_line/">command line sensor</a>.</li>
<li>[Advanced Automation templating]auto-template]</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="building-templates" href="#building-templates"></a> Building templates</h2>
<p>Templating in Home Assistant is powered by the <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/">Jinja2</a> templating engine. This means that we are using their syntax and make some custom Home Assistant variables available to templates during rendering. We will not go over the basics of the syntax, as Jinja2 does a lot better job at this in their <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/">Jinja2 documentation</a>.</p>
<p class="note">
The frontend has a template editor developer tool to help develop and debug templates.
</p>
<p>Templates can get big pretty fast. To keep a clear overview, consider using YAML multiline strings to define your templates:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">script</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">msg_who_is_home</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">sequence</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.notify</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">&gt;</span>
<span class="no">{% if is_state('device_tracker.paulus', 'home') %}</span>
<span class="no">Ha, Paulus is home!</span>
<span class="no">{% else %}</span>
<span class="no">Paulus is at {{ states('device_tracker.paulus') }}.</span>
<span class="no">{% endif %}</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/">Jinja2</a> supports a width variety of operations:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#math">Mathematical operation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#comparisons">Comparisons</a></li>
<li><a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#logic">Logic</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="home-assistant-template-extensions" href="#home-assistant-template-extensions"></a> Home Assistant template extensions</h2>
<p>Home Assistant adds extensions to allow templates to access all of the current states:</p>
<ul>
<li>Iterating <code class="highlighter-rouge">states</code> will yield each state sorted alphabetically by entity ID.</li>
<li>Iterating <code class="highlighter-rouge">states.domain</code> will yield each state of that domain sorted alphabetically by entity ID.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">states.sensor.temperature</code> returns the state object for <code class="highlighter-rouge">sensor.temperature</code>.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">states('device_tracker.paulus')</code> will return the state string (not the object) of the given entity or <code class="highlighter-rouge">unknown</code> if it doesnt exist.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">is_state('device_tracker.paulus', 'home')</code> will test if the given entity is specified state.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">is_state_attr('device_tracker.paulus', 'battery', 40)</code> will test if the given entity is specified state.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">now()</code> will be rendered as current time in your time zone.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">utcnow()</code> will be rendered as UTC time.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">as_timestamp</code> will convert datetime object or string to UNIX timestamp</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">distance()</code> will measure the distance in meters between home, entity, coordinates.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">closest()</code> will find the closest entity.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">relative_time(timestamp)</code> will format the date time as relative time vs now (ie 7 seconds)</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">float</code> will format the output as float.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">strptime(string, format)</code> will parse a string to a datetime based on a <a href="https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime-behavior">format</a>.</li>
<li>Filter <code class="highlighter-rouge">round(x)</code> will convert the input to a number and round it to <code class="highlighter-rouge">x</code> decimals.</li>
<li>Filter <code class="highlighter-rouge">timestamp_local</code> will convert an UNIX timestamp to local time/data.</li>
<li>Filter <code class="highlighter-rouge">timestamp_utc</code> will convert an UNIX timestamp to UTC time/data.</li>
<li>Filter <code class="highlighter-rouge">timestamp_custom(format_string, local_boolean)</code> will convert an UNIX timestamp to a custom format, the use of a local timestamp is default, supporting <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.strftime">Python format options</a>.</li>
<li>Filter <code class="highlighter-rouge">max</code> will obtain the larget item in a sequence.</li>
<li>Filter <code class="highlighter-rouge">min</code> will obtain the smallest item in a sequence.</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="examples" href="#examples"></a> Examples</h2>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="states" href="#states"></a> States</h3>
<p>The next two statements result in same value if state exists. The second one will result in an error if state does not exist.</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>{{ states('device_tracker.paulus') }}
{{ states.device_tracker.paulus.state }}
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="attributes" href="#attributes"></a> Attributes</h3>
<p>Print an attribute if state is defined</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>{% if states.device_tracker.paulus %}
{{ states.device_tracker.paulus.attributes.battery }}
{% else %}
??
{% endif %}
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sensor-states" href="#sensor-states"></a> Sensor states</h3>
<p>Print out a list of all the sensor states.</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>{% for state in states.sensor %}
{{ state.entity_id }}={{ state.state }},
{% endfor %}
{% if is_state('device_tracker.paulus', 'home') %}
Ha, Paulus is home!
{% else %}
Paulus is at {{ states('device_tracker.paulus') }}.
{% endif %}
{{ states.sensor.temperature | float + 1 }}
{{ (states.sensor.temperature | float * 10) | round(2) }}
{% if states('sensor.temperature') | float &gt; 20 %}
It is warm!
{%endif %}
{{ as_timestamp(states.binary_sensor.garage_door.last_changed) }}
{{ as_timestamp(now()) - as_timestamp(states.binary_sensor.garage_door.last_changed) }}
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="distance-examples" href="#distance-examples"></a> Distance examples</h3>
<p>If only 1 location is passed in, Home Assistant will measure the distance from home.</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>Using Lat Lng coordinates: {{ distance(123.45, 123.45) }}
Using State: {{ distance(states.device_tracker.paulus) }}
These can also be combined in any combination:
{{ distance(123.45, 123.45, 'device_tracker.paulus') }}
{{ distance('device_tracker.anne_therese', 'device_tracker.paulus') }}
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="closest-examples" href="#closest-examples"></a> Closest examples</h3>
<p>Find entities closest to the Home Assistant location:</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>Query all entities: {{ closest(states) }}
Query all entities of a specific domain: {{ closest('states.device_tracker') }}
Query all entities in group.children: {{ closest('group.children') }}
Query all entities in group.children: {{ closest(states.group.children) }}
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Find entities closest to a coordinate or another entity. All previous arguments still apply for 2nd argument.</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>Closest to a coordinate: {{ closest(23.456, 23.456, 'group.children') }}
Closest to an entity: {{ closest('zone.school', 'group.children') }}
Closest to an entity: {{ closest(states.zone.school, 'group.children') }}
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="combined" href="#combined"></a> Combined</h3>
<p>Since closest returns a state, we can combine it with distance too.</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>{{ closest(states).name }} is {{ distance(closest(states)) }} meters away.
</code></pre>
</div>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="processing-incoming-data" href="#processing-incoming-data"></a> Processing incoming data</h2>
<p>The other part of templating is processing incoming data. It will allow you to modify incoming data and extract only the data you care about. This will work only for platforms and components that mentioned support for this in their documentation.</p>
<p>It depends per component or platform, but it is common to be able to define a template using the <code class="highlighter-rouge">value_template</code> configuration key. When a new value arrives, your template will be rendered while having access to the following values on top of the usual Home Assistant extensions:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Variable</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">value</code></td>
<td>The incoming value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="highlighter-rouge">value_json</code></td>
<td>The incoming value parsed as JSON.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code># Incoming value:
{"primes": [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]}
# Extract third prime number
{{ value_json.primes[2] }}
# Format output
{{ "%+.1f" | value_json }}
# Math
{{ value_json | float * 1024 }}
{{ float(value_json) * (2**10) }}
# Timestamps
{{ value_json.tst | timestamp_local }}
{{ value_json.tst | timestamp_utc }}
{{ value_json.tst | timestamp_custom('%Y' True) }}
# Square bracket notation
{{ value_json["001"] }}
</code></pre>
</div>
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<header>
<h1 class="title indent">
Troubleshooting Your Configuration
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>It can happen that you run into trouble while configuring Home Assistant. Perhaps a component is not showing up or is acting strangely. This page will discuss a few of the most common problems.</p>
<p>Before we dive into common issues, make sure you know where your configuration directory is. Home Assistant will print out the configuration directory it is using when starting up.</p>
<p>Whenever a component or configuration option results in a warning, it will be stored in <code class="highlighter-rouge">home-assistant.log</code> in the configuration directory. This file is reset on start of Home Assistant.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="my-component-does-not-show-up" href="#my-component-does-not-show-up"></a> My component does not show up</h3>
<p>When a component does not show up, many different things can be the case. Before you try any of these steps, make sure to look at the <code class="highlighter-rouge">home-assistant.log</code> file and see if there are any errors related to your component you are trying to set up.</p>
<p>If you have incorrect entries in your configuration files you can use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">check_config</code> script to assist in identifying them: <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass --script check_config</code>.</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="problems-with-the-configuration" href="#problems-with-the-configuration"></a> Problems with the configuration</h4>
<p>One of the most common problems with Home Assistant is an invalid <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> file.</p>
<ul>
<li>You can test your configuration using the command line with: <code class="highlighter-rouge">hass --script check_config</code></li>
<li>You can verify your configurations yaml structure using <a href="http://yaml-online-parser.appspot.com/">this online YAML parser</a> or <a href="http://www.yamllint.com/">YAML Lint</a>.</li>
<li>To learn more about the quirks of YAML, read <a href="https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/troubleshooting/yaml_idiosyncrasies.html">YAML IDIOSYNCRASIES</a> by SaltStack (the examples there are specific to SaltStack, but do explain YAML issues well).</li>
</ul>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> does not allow multiple sections to have the same name. If you want to load multiple platforms for one component, you can append a <a href="/getting-started/devices/#style-2-list-each-device-separately">number or string</a> to the name or nest them using <a href="/getting-started/devices/#style-1-collect-every-entity-under-the-parent">this style</a>:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">sensor</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">forecast</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">bitcoin</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Another common problem is that a required configuration setting is missing. If this is the case, the component will report this to <code class="highlighter-rouge">home-assistant.log</code>. You can have a look at <a href="/components/">the various component pages</a> for instructions on how to setup the components.</p>
<p>See the <a href="/components/logger/">logger</a> component for instructions on how to define the level of logging you require for specific modules.</p>
<p>If you find any errors or want to expand the documentation, please <a href="https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant.io/issues">let us know</a>.</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="problems-with-dependencies" href="#problems-with-dependencies"></a> Problems with dependencies</h4>
<p>Almost all components have external dependencies to communicate with your devices and services. Sometimes Home Assistant is unable to install the necessary dependencies. If this is the case, it should show up in <code class="highlighter-rouge">home-assistant.log</code>.</p>
<p>The first step is trying to restart Home Assistant and see if the problem persists. If it does, look at the log to see what the error is. If you cant figure it out, please <a href="https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant/issues">report it</a> so we can investigate what is going on.</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="problems-with-components" href="#problems-with-components"></a> Problems with components</h4>
<p>It can happen that some components either do not work right away or stop working after Home Assistant has been running for a while. If this happens to you, please <a href="https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant/issues">report it</a> so that we can have a look.</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="multiple-files" href="#multiple-files"></a> Multiple files</h4>
<p>If you are using multiple files for your setup, make sure that the pointers are correct and the format of the files is valid.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">light</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">devices/lights.yaml</span>
<span class="s">sensor</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kt">!include</span> <span class="s">devices/sensors.yaml</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Contents of <code class="highlighter-rouge">lights.yaml</code> (notice it does not contain <code class="highlighter-rouge">light: </code>):</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">hyperion</span>
<span class="s">host</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">192.168.1.98</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Contents of <code class="highlighter-rouge">sensors.yaml</code>:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Room</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Humidity"</span>
<span class="s">state_topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">room/humidity"</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Door</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Motion"</span>
<span class="s">state_topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">door/motion"</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p class="note">
Whenever you report an issue, be aware that we are volunteers who do not have access to every single device in the world nor unlimited time to fix every problem out there.
</p>
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<p>Home Assistant uses the <a href="http://yaml.org/">YAML</a> syntax for configuration. YAML might take a while to get used to but is really powerful in allowing you to express complex configurations.</p>
<p>For each component that you want to use in Home Assistant, you add code in your <code class="highlighter-rouge">configuration.yaml</code> file to specify its settings.
The following example entry specifies that you want to use the <a href="/components/notify">notify component</a> with the <a href="/components/notify.pushbullet">pushbullet platform</a>.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">notify</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">pushbullet</span>
<span class="s">api_key</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">o.1234abcd"</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">pushbullet</span>
</code></pre>
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<ul>
<li>A <strong>component</strong> provides the core logic for some functionality (like <code class="highlighter-rouge">notify</code> provides sending notifications).</li>
<li>A <strong>platform</strong> makes the connection to a specific software or hardware platform (like <code class="highlighter-rouge">pushbullet</code> works with the service from pushbullet.com).</li>
</ul>
<p>The basics of YAML syntax are block collections and mappings containing key-value pairs. Each item in a collection starts with a <code class="highlighter-rouge">-</code> while mappings have the format <code class="highlighter-rouge">key: value</code>. If you specify duplicate keys, the last value for a key is used.</p>
<p>Note that indentation is an important part of specifying relationships using YAML. Things that are indented are nested “inside” things that are one level higher. So in the above example, <code class="highlighter-rouge">platform: pushbullet</code> is a property of (nested inside) the <code class="highlighter-rouge">notify</code> component.
Getting the right indentation can be tricky if youre not using an editor with a fixed width font. Tabs are not allowed to be used for indentation. Convention is to use 2 spaces for each level of indentation.
You can use <a href="http://www.yamllint.com/">YAMLLint</a> to check if your YAML-syntax is correct before loading it into Home Assistant which will save you some time.
<em>Please pay attention on not putting in private data, as it is a 3rd-party website not maintained by Home Assistant.</em></p>
<p>Text following a <strong>#</strong> are comments and are ignored by the system.</p>
<p>The next example shows an <a href="/components/input_select">input_select</a> component that uses a block collection for the options values.
The other properties (like name) are specified using mappings. Note that the second line just has <code class="highlighter-rouge">threat:</code> with no value on the same line. Here threat is the name of the input_select and the values for it are everything nested below it.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">input_select</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">threat</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Threat level</span>
<span class="c1"># A collection is used for options</span>
<span class="s">options</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">0</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">1</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">2</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">3</span>
<span class="s">initial</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">0</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The following example shows nesting a collection of mappings in a mapping. In Home Assistant, this would create two sensors that each use the MQTT platform but have different values for their <code class="highlighter-rouge">state_topic</code> (one of the properties used for MQTT sensors).</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">sensor</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">state_topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor/topic</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">mqtt</span>
<span class="s">state_topic</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">sensor2/topic</span>
</code></pre>
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<p>When you have appdaemon installed by either method, copy the <code class="highlighter-rouge">conf/appdaemon.cfg.example</code> file to <code class="highlighter-rouge">conf/appdaemon.cfg</code>, then edit the <code class="highlighter-rouge">[AppDaemon]</code> section to reflect your environment:</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>[AppDaemon]
ha_url = &lt;some_url&gt;
ha_key = &lt;some key&gt;
logfile = STDOUT
errorfile = STDERR
app_dir = &lt;Path to appdaemon dir&gt;/conf/apps
threads = 10
latitude = &lt;latitude&gt;
longitude = &lt;longitude&gt;
elevation = &lt;elevation
timezone = &lt;timezone&gt;
cert_path = &lt;path/to/root/CA/cert&gt;
# Apps
[hello_world]
module = hello
class = HelloWorld
</code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">ha_url</code> is a reference to your home assistant installation and must include the correct port number and scheme (<code class="highlighter-rouge">http://</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">https://</code> as appropriate)</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">ha_key</code> should be set to your key if you have one, otherwise it can be removed.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">logfile</code> (optional) is the path to where you want <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> to keep its main log. When run from the command line this is not used - log messages come out on the terminal. When running as a daemon this is where the log information will go. In the example above I created a directory specifically for AppDaemon to run from, although there is no reason you cant keep it in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">appdaemon</code> directory of the cloned repository. If <code class="highlighter-rouge">logfile = STDOUT</code>, output will be sent to stdout instead of stderr when running in the foreground, if not specified, output will be sent to STDOUT.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">errorfile</code> (optional) is the name of the logfile for errors - this will usually be errors during compilation and execution of the apps. If <code class="highlighter-rouge">errorfile = STDERR</code> errors will be sent to stderr instead of a file, if not specified, output will be sent to STDERR.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">app_dir</code> (optional) is the directory the apps are placed in. If not specified, AppDaemon will look first in <code class="highlighter-rouge">~/.homeassistant</code> then <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/appdaemon</code> for a subdirectory named <code class="highlighter-rouge">apps</code></li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">threads</code> - the number of dedicated worker threads to create for running the apps. Note, this will bear no resembelance to the number of apps you have, the threads are re-used and only active for as long as required to tun a particular callback or initialization, leave this set to 10 unless you experience thread starvation</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">latitude</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">longitude</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">elevation</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">timezone</code> - should all be copied from your home assistant configuration file</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">cert_path</code> (optional) - path to root CA cert directory - use only if you are using self signed certs.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">#Apps</code> section is the configuration for the Hello World program and should be left in place for initial testing but can be removed later if desired, as other Apps are added, App configuration is described in the <a href="API.md">API doc</a>.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="docker" href="#docker"></a> Docker</h2>
<p>For Docker Configuration you need to take a couple of extra things into consideration.</p>
<p>Our Docker image is designed to load your configuration and apps from a volume at <code class="highlighter-rouge">/conf</code> so that you can manage them in your own git repository, or place them anywhere else on the system and map them using the Docker command line.</p>
<p>For example, if you have a local repository in <code class="highlighter-rouge">/Users/foo/ha-config</code> containing the following files:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>git ls-files
configuration.yaml
customize.yaml
known_devices.yaml
appdaemon.cfg
apps
apps/magic.py
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You will need to modify the <code class="highlighter-rouge">appdaemon.cfg</code> file to point to these apps in <code class="highlighter-rouge">/conf/apps</code>:</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>[AppDaemon]
ha_url = &lt;some_url&gt;
ha_key = &lt;some key&gt;
logfile = STDOUT
errorfile = STDERR
app_dir = /conf/apps
threads = 10
latitude = &lt;latitude&gt;
longitude = &lt;longitude&gt;
elevation = &lt;elevation
timezone = &lt;timezone&gt;
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You can run Docker and point the conf volume to that directory.</p>
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AppDaemon
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<p>Installation is either by <code class="highlighter-rouge">pip3</code> or Docker.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="clone-the-repository" href="#clone-the-repository"></a> Clone the Repository</h2>
<p>For either method you will need to clone the <strong>AppDaemon</strong> repository to the current local directory on your machine.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>git clone https://github.com/acockburn/appdaemon.git
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</div>
<p>Change your working directory to the repository root. Moving forward, we will be working from this directory.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">cd </span>appdaemon
</code></pre>
</div>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="install-using-docker" href="#install-using-docker"></a> Install using Docker</h2>
<p>To build the Docker image run the following:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>docker build -t appdaemon .
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>(Note the period at the end of the above command)</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="install-using-pip3" href="#install-using-pip3"></a> Install using <code class="highlighter-rouge">pip3</code></h2>
<p>Before running <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> you will need to install the package:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo pip3 install .
</code></pre>
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Operation
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<p>Since <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> under the covers uses the exact same APIs as the frontend UI, you typically see it react at about the same time to a given event. Calling back to Home Assistant is also pretty fast especially if they are running on the same machine. In action, observed latency above the built in automation component is usually sub-second.</p>
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<p>To run <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> at reboot, I have provided a sample init script in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">./scripts</code> directory. These have been tested on a Raspberry PI - your mileage may vary on other systems. There is also a sample Systemd script.</p>
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<p>As configured, <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> comes with a single HelloWorld App that will send a greeting to the logfile to show that everything is working correctly.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="docker" href="#docker"></a> Docker</h2>
<p>Assuming you have set the config up as described above for Docker, you can run it with the command:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>docker run -d -v &lt;Path to Config&gt;/conf:/conf --name appdaemon appdaemon:latest
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<p>In the example above you would use:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>docker run -d -v /Users/foo/ha-config:/conf --name appdaemon appdaemon:latest
</code></pre>
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<p>Where you place the <code class="highlighter-rouge">conf</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">conf/apps</code> directory is up to you - it can be in downloaded repostory, or anywhere else on the host, as long as you use the correct mapping in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">docker run</code> command.</p>
<p>You can inspect the logs as follows:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>docker logs appdaemon
2016-08-22 10:08:16,575 INFO Got initial state
2016-08-22 10:08:16,576 INFO Loading Module: /export/hass/appdaemon_test/conf/apps/hello.py
2016-08-22 10:08:16,578 INFO Loading Object hello_world using class HelloWorld from module hello
2016-08-22 10:08:16,580 INFO Hello from AppDaemon
2016-08-22 10:08:16,584 INFO You are now ready to run Apps!
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Note that for Docker, the error and regular logs are combined.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="pip3" href="#pip3"></a> <code class="highlighter-rouge">pip3</code></h2>
<p>You can then run AppDaemon from the command line as follows:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>appdaemon -c conf/appdaemon.cfg
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If all is well, you should see something like the following:</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ appdaemon -c conf/appdaemon.cfg
2016-08-22 10:08:16,575 INFO Got initial state
2016-08-22 10:08:16,576 INFO Loading Module: /export/hass/appdaemon_test/conf/apps/hello.py
2016-08-22 10:08:16,578 INFO Loading Object hello_world using class HelloWorld from module hello
2016-08-22 10:08:16,580 INFO Hello from AppDaemon
2016-08-22 10:08:16,584 INFO You are now ready to run Apps!
</code></pre>
</div>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="appdaemon-arguments" href="#appdaemon-arguments"></a> AppDaemon arguments</h2>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>usage: appdaemon [-h] [-c CONFIG] [-p PIDFILE] [-t TICK] [-s STARTTIME]
[-e ENDTIME] [-i INTERVAL]
[-D {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}] [-v] [-d]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
full path to config file
-p PIDFILE, --pidfile PIDFILE
full path to PID File
-t TICK, --tick TICK time in seconds that a tick in the schedular lasts
-s STARTTIME, --starttime STARTTIME
start time for scheduler &lt;YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS&gt;
-e ENDTIME, --endtime ENDTIME
end time for scheduler &lt;YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS&gt;
-i INTERVAL, --interval INTERVAL
multiplier for scheduler tick
-D {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}, --debug {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}
debug level
-v, --version show program's version number and exit
-d, --daemon run as a background process
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>-c is the path to the configuration file. If not specified, AppDaemon will look for a file named <code class="highlighter-rouge">appdaemon.cfg</code> first in <code class="highlighter-rouge">~/.homeassistant</code> then in <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/appdaemon</code>. If the file is not specified and it is not found in either location, AppDaemon will raise an exception.</p>
<p>-d and -p are used by the init file to start the process as a daemon and are not required if running from the command line.</p>
<p>-D can be used to increase the debug level for internal AppDaemon operations as well as apps using the logging function.</p>
<p>The -s, -i, -t and -s options are for the Time Travel feature and should only be used for testing. They are described in more detail in the API documentation.</p>
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AppDaemon Tutorial
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<hr class="divider">
<h2><a class="title-link" name="another-take-on-automation" href="#another-take-on-automation"></a> Another Take on Automation</h2>
<p>If you havent yet read Paulus excellent Blog entry on <a href="https://home-assistant.io/blog/2016/01/19/perfect-home-automation/">Perfect Home Automation</a> I would encourage you to take a look. As a veteran of several Home Automation systems with varying degrees success, it was this article more than anything else that convinced me that Home Assistant had the right philosophy behind it and was on the right track. One of the most important points made is that being able to control your lights from your phone, 9 times out of 10 is harder than using a lightswitch - where Home Automation really comes into its own is when you start removing the need to use a phone or the switch - the “Automation” in Home Automation. A surprisingly large number of systems out there miss this essential point and have limited abilities to automate anything which is why a robust and open system such as Home Assistant is such an important part of the equation in bring this all together in the vast and chaotic ecosystem that is the “Internet of Things”.</p>
<p>So given the importance of Automation, what should Automation allow us to do? I am a pragmatist at heart so I judge individual systems by the ease of accomplishing a few basic but representative tasks:</p>
<ul>
<li>Can the system respond to presence or absence of people?</li>
<li>Can I turn a light on at Sunset +/- a certain amount of time?</li>
<li>Can I arrive home in light or dark and have the lights figure out if they should be on or off?</li>
<li>As I build my system out, can I get the individual pieces to co-operate and use and re-use (potentially complex) logic to make sure everything works smoothly?</li>
<li>Is it open and expandable?</li>
<li>Does it run locally without any reliance on the cloud?</li>
</ul>
<p>In my opinion, Home Assistant accomplishes the majority of these very well with a combination of Automations, Scripts and Templates, and its Restful API.</p>
<p>So why <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code>? AppDaemon is not meant to replace Home Assistant Automations and Scripts, rather complement them. For a lot of things, automations work well and can be very succinct. However, there is a class of more complex automations for which they become harder to use, and appdeamon then comes into its own. It brings quite a few things to the table:</p>
<ul>
<li>New paradigm - some problems require a procedural and/or iterative approach, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> Apps are a much more natural fit for this. Recent enhancements to Home Assistant scripts and templates have made huge strides, but for the most complex scenarios, Apps can do things that Automations cant</li>
<li>Ease of use - AppDaemons API is full of helper functions that make programming as easy and natural as possible. The functions and their operation are as “Pythonic” as possible, experienced Python programmers should feel right at home.</li>
<li>Reuse - write a piece of code once and instantiate it as an app as many times as you need with different parameters e.g. a motion light program that you can use in 5 different places around your home. The code stays the same, you just dynamically add new instances of it in the config file</li>
<li>Dynamic - AppDaemon has been designed from the start to enable the user to make changes without requiring a restart of Home Assistant, thanks to its loose coupling. However, it is better than that - the user can make changes to code and AppDaemon will automatically reload the code, figure out which Apps were using it and restart them to use the new code with out the need to restart <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> itself. It is also possible to change parameters for an individual or multiple apps and have them picked up dynamically, and for a final trick, removing or adding apps is also picked up dynamically. Testing cycles become a lot more efficient as a result.</li>
<li>Complex logic - Pythons If/Else constructs are clearer and easier to code for arbitrarily complex nested logic</li>
<li>Durable variables and state - variables can be kept between events to keep track of things like the number of times a motion sensor has been activated, or how long it has been since a door opened</li>
<li>All the power of Python - use any of Pythons libraries, create your own modules, share variables, refactor and re-use code, create a single app to do everything, or multiple apps for individual tasks - nothing is off limits!</li>
</ul>
<p>It is in fact a testament to Home Assistants open nature that a component like <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> can be integrated so neatly and closely that it acts in all ways like an extension of the system, not a second class citizen. Part of the strength of Home Assistants underlying design is that it makes no assumptions whatever about what it is controlling or reacting to, or reporting state on. This is made achievable in part by the great flexibility of Python as a programming environment for Home Assistant, and carrying that forward has enabled me to use the same philosophy for <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> - it took surprisingly little code to be able to respond to basic events and call services in a completely open ended manner - the bulk of the work after that was adding additonal functions to make things that were already possible easier.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="how-it-works" href="#how-it-works"></a> How it Works</h2>
<p>The best way to show what AppDaemon does is through a few simple examples.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sunrisesunset-lighting" href="#sunrisesunset-lighting"></a> Sunrise/Sunset Lighting</h3>
<p>Lets start with a simple App to turn a light on every night at sunset and off every morning at sunrise. Every App when first started will have its <code class="highlighter-rouge">initialize()</code> function called which gives it a chance to register a callback for AppDaemonss scheduler for a specific time. In this case we are using <code class="highlighter-rouge">run_at_sunrise()</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">run_at_sunset()</code> to register 2 separate callbacks. The argument <code class="highlighter-rouge">0</code> is the number of seconds offset from sunrise or sunset and can be negative or positive. For complex intervals it can be convenient to use Pythons <code class="highlighter-rouge">datetime.timedelta</code> class for calculations. When sunrise or sunset occurs, the appropriate callback function, <code class="highlighter-rouge">sunrise_cb()</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">sunset_cb()</code> is called which then makes a call to Home Assistant to turn the porch light on or off by activating a scene. The variables <code class="highlighter-rouge">args["on_scene"]</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">args["off_scene"]</code> are passed through from the configuration of this particular App, and the same code could be reused to activate completely different scenes in a different version of the App.</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">homeassistant.appapi</span> <span class="kn">as</span> <span class="nn">appapi</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">OutsideLights</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">appapi</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AppDaemon</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">initialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run_at_sunrise</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sunrise_cb</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run_at_sunset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sunset_cb</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">sunrise_cb</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">turn_on</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"off_scene"</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">sunset_cb</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">turn_on</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"on_scene"</span><span class="p">])</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This is also fairly easy to achieve with Home Assistant automations, but we are just getting started.</p>
<h3>Motion Light</h3>
<p>Our next example is to turn on a light when motion is detected and it is dark, and turn it off after a period of time. This time, the <code class="highlighter-rouge">initialize()</code> function registers a callback on a state change (of the motion sensor) rather than a specific time. We tell AppDaemon that we are only interested in state changesd where the motion detector comes on by adding an additional parameter to the callback registration - <code class="highlighter-rouge">new = "on"</code>. When the motion is detected, the callack function <code class="highlighter-rouge">motion()</code> is called, and we check whether or not the sun has set using a built-in convenience function: <code class="highlighter-rouge">sun_down()</code>. Next, we turn the light on with <code class="highlighter-rouge">turn_on()</code>, then set a timer using <code class="highlighter-rouge">run_in()</code> to turn the light off after 60 seconds, which is another call to the scheduler to execute in a set time from now, which results in <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code> calling <code class="highlighter-rouge">light_off()</code> 60 seconds later using the <code class="highlighter-rouge">turn_off()</code> call to actually turn the light off. This is still pretty simple in code terms:</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">homeassistant.appapi</span> <span class="kn">as</span> <span class="nn">appapi</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">FlashyMotionLights</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">appapi</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AppDaemon</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">initialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">listen_state</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">motion</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"binary_sensor.drive"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">new</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"on"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">motion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">entity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">old</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">new</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sun_down</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">turn_on</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"light.drive"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run_in</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">light_off</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">light_off</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">turn_off</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"light.drive"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This is starting to get a little more complex in Home Assistant automations requiring an Automation rule and two separate scripts.</p>
<p>Now lets extend this with a somewhat artificial example to show something that is simple in AppDaemon but very difficult if not impossible using automations. Lets warn someone inside the house that there has been motion outside by flashing a lamp on and off 10 times. We are reacting to the motion as before by turning on the light and setting a timer to turn it off again, but in addition, we set a 1 second timer to run <code class="highlighter-rouge">flash_warning()</code> which when called, toggles the inside light and sets another timer to call itself a second later. To avoid re-triggering forever, it keeps a count of how many times it has been activated and bales out after 10 iterations.</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">homeassistant.appapi</span> <span class="kn">as</span> <span class="nn">appapi</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MotionLights</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">appapi</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AppDaemon</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">initialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">listen_state</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">motion</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"binary_sensor.drive"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">new</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"on"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">motion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">entity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">old</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">new</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sun_down</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">turn_on</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"light.drive"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run_in</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">light_off</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flashcount</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run_in</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flash_warning</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">light_off</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">turn_off</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"light.drive"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">flash_warning</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">toggle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"light.living_room"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flashcount</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flashcount</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run_in</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flash_warning</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Of course if I wanted to make this App or its predecessor reusable I would have provide parameters for the sensor, the light to activate on motion, the warning light and even the number of flashes and delay between flashes.</p>
<p>In addition, Apps can write to <code class="highlighter-rouge">AppDaemon</code>s logfiles, and there is a system of constraints that allows yout to control when and under what circumstances Apps and callbacks are active to keep the logic clean and simple.</p>
<p>I have spent the last few weeks moving all of my (fairly complex) automations over to <code class="highlighter-rouge">APPDaemon</code> and so far it is working very reliably.</p>
<p>Some people will maybe look at all of this and say “what use is this, I can already do all of this”, and that is fine, as I said this is an alternative not a replacement, but I am hopeful that for some users this will seem a more natural, powerful and nimble way of building potentially very complex automations.</p>
<p>If this has whet your appetite, feel free to give it a try.</p>
<p>Happy Automating!</p>
</article>
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Updating AppDaemon
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<p>To update AppDaemon after I have released new code, just run the following command to update your copy:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>git pull origin
</code></pre>
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<p>If you are using pip3 for the install do this:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo pip3 uninstall appdaemon
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo pip3 install .
</code></pre>
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<p>If you are using docker, rerun the steps to create a new docker image.</p>
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Windows Support
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<p>AppDaemon runs under windows and has been tested with the official 3.5.2 release of Python. There are a couple of caveats however:</p>
<ul>
<li>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">-d</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">--daemonize</code> option is not supported owing to limitations in the Windows implementation of Python.</li>
<li>Some internal diagnostics are disabled. This is not user visible but may hamper troubleshooting of internal issues if any crop up</li>
</ul>
<p>AppDaemon can be installed exactly as per the instructions for every other version using pip3.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="windows-under-the-linux-subsystem" href="#windows-under-the-linux-subsystem"></a> Windows Under the Linux Subsystem</h2>
<p>Windows 10 now supports a full Linux bash environment that is capable of running Python. This is essentially an Ubuntu distribution and works extremely well. It is possible to run AppDaemon in exactly the same way as for Linux distributions, and none of the above Windows Caveats apply to this version. This is the reccomended way to run AppDaemon in a Windows 10 and later environment.</p>
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<header>
<h1 class="title indent">
Dashboard Configuration
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>(All installations)</p>
<p>Hadashboard is a Dashing application, so make sure to read all the instructions on http://dashing.io to learn how to add widgets to your dashboard, as well as how to create new widgets.</p>
<p>Make a copy of <code class="highlighter-rouge">dashboards/example.erb</code> and call it <code class="highlighter-rouge">main.erb</code>, then edit this file to reference the items you want to display and control and to get the layout that you want. Leave the original <code class="highlighter-rouge">example.erb</code> intact and unchanged so that you dont run into problems when trying to update using the git commands mentioned later in “Updating the Dashboard”.</p>
<p>The basic anatomy of a widget is this:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt">&lt;li</span> <span class="na">data-row=</span><span class="s">""</span> <span class="na">data-col=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">data-sizex=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">data-sizey=</span><span class="s">"1"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">data-id=</span><span class="s">"office"</span> <span class="na">data-view=</span><span class="s">"Hadimmer"</span> <span class="na">data-title=</span><span class="s">"Office Lamp"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li><strong>data-row</strong>, <strong>data-col</strong>: The position of the widget in the grid.</li>
<li><strong>data-sizex</strong>, <strong>data-sizey</strong>: The size of the widget in terms of grid tile.</li>
<li><strong>data-id</strong>: The homeassitant entity id without the entity type (e.g. <code class="highlighter-rouge">light.office</code> becomes <code class="highlighter-rouge">office</code>).</li>
<li><strong>data-view</strong>: The type of widget to be used (Haswitch, Hadimmer, Hatemp etc.)</li>
<li><strong>data-icon</strong>: The icon displayed on the tile. See http://fontawesome.io for an icon cheatsheet.</li>
<li><strong>data-title</strong>: The title to be displayed on the tile.</li>
<li><strong><em>data-bgcolor</em></strong> (optional) - the background color of the widget.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that although it is legal in XML terms to split the inner <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;div&gt;</code> like this:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;li</span> <span class="na">data-row=</span><span class="s">""</span> <span class="na">data-col=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">data-sizex=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">data-sizey=</span><span class="s">"1"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">data-id=</span><span class="s">"office"</span>
<span class="na">data-view=</span><span class="s">"Hadimmer"</span>
<span class="na">data-title=</span><span class="s">"Office Lamp"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This may break <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code>s parsing of the file, so keep to the line format first presented.</p>
<p>Please, refer to the Dashing website for instructions on how to change the grid and tile size, as well as more general instructions about widgets, their properties, and how to create new widgets.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="supported-widgets" href="#supported-widgets"></a> Supported Widgets</h2>
<p>At this time I have provided support for the following Home Assistant entity types.</p>
<ul>
<li>switch: Widget type <strong>Haswitch</strong></li>
<li>lock: Widget type <strong>Halock</strong></li>
<li>devicetracker: Widget type <strong>Hadevicetracker</strong></li>
<li>light: Widget type <strong>Hadimmer</strong></li>
<li>cover: Widget type <strong>Hacover</strong></li>
<li>input_boolean: Widget type <strong>Hainputboolean</strong></li>
<li>
<p>scene: Widget type <strong>Hascene</strong></p>
</li>
<li><strong>data-ontime</strong> (optional): The amount of time the scene icon lights up when pressed, in milliseconds, default 1000.</li>
</ul>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="script" href="#script"></a> script</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong><em>Hascript</em></strong></p>
<p><strong>data-ontime</strong> (optional): The amount of time the scene icon lights up when pressed, in milliseconds, default 1000.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="mode" href="#mode"></a> mode</h3>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">Hamode</code> widget alows you to run a script on activation and to link it with a specified <code class="highlighter-rouge">input_select</code> so the button will be highlighted for certain values of that input select. The usecase for this is that I maintain an <code class="highlighter-rouge">input_select</code> as a flag for the state of the house to simplify other automations. I use scripts to switch between the states, and this feature provides feedback as to the current state by lighting up the appropriate mode button.</p>
<p>A <code class="highlighter-rouge">Hamode</code> widget using this feature will look like this:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;li</span> <span class="na">data-row=</span><span class="s">"5"</span> <span class="na">data-col=</span><span class="s">"3"</span> <span class="na">data-sizex=</span><span class="s">"2"</span> <span class="na">data-sizey=</span><span class="s">"1"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">data-id=</span><span class="s">"day"</span> <span class="na">data-view=</span><span class="s">"Hamode"</span> <span class="na">data-title=</span><span class="s">"Good Day"</span> <span class="na">data-icon=</span><span class="s">"sun-o"</span> <span class="na">data-changemode=</span><span class="s">"Day"</span> <span class="na">data-input=</span><span class="s">"house_mode"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li><strong>data-changemode</strong>: The value of the <code class="highlighter-rouge">input_select</code> for which this script button will light up</li>
<li><strong>data-input</strong>: The <code class="highlighter-rouge">input_select</code> entity to use (minus the leading entity type)</li>
</ul>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="input_select-read-only" href="#input_select-read-only"></a> input_select (read only)</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Hainputselect</strong></p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sensor" href="#sensor"></a> sensor</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Hasensor</strong></p>
<p>Text based output of the value of a particular sensor.</p>
<p>The Hasensor widget supports an additional paramater <code class="highlighter-rouge">data-unit</code>. This allows you to set the unit to whatever you want: Centigrade, %, lux or whatever you need for the sensor in question. For a temperature sensor you will need to explicitly include the degree symbol like this:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>data-unit="<span class="ni">&amp;deg;</span>F"
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If omitted, no units will be shown.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sensor" href="#sensor"></a> sensor</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Hameter</strong></p>
<p>An alternative to the text based <code class="highlighter-rouge">Hasensor</code> that works for numeric values only.</p>
<p>The Hameter widget supports an additional paramater <code class="highlighter-rouge">data-unit</code>. This allows you to set the unit to whatever you want: Centigrade, %, lux or whatever you need for the sensor in question. For a temperature sensor you will need to explicitly include the degree symbol like this:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>data-unit="<span class="ni">&amp;deg;</span>F"
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If omitted, no units will be shown.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="binary_sensor" href="#binary_sensor"></a> binary_sensor</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Habinary</strong></p>
<p>An icon-based option for generic binary sensors. Useful for things like door contact sensors. In addition to the standard widget parameters, Habinary supports two additional parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>data-iconon</strong>: the icon to display when the sensor state is “on”</li>
<li><strong>data-iconoff</strong>: the icon to display when the sensor state if “off”</li>
</ul>
<p>If no icons are specified, the widget defaults to a flat gray line for “off” and a green bullseye for “on”.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="group" href="#group"></a> group</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Hagroup</strong>.</p>
<p>The Hagroup widget uses the homeassistant/turn_on and homeassistant/turn_off API call, so certain functionality will be lost. For example, you will not be able to use control groups of locks or dim lights.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="alarm-control-panel" href="#alarm-control-panel"></a> Alarm Control Panel</h2>
<p>These widgets allow the user to create a working control panel that can be used to control the Manual Alarm Control Panel component (https://home-assistant.io/components/alarm_control_panel.manual). The example dashboard contains an arrangement similar to this:</p>
<p class="img">
<img src="/images/hadashboard/alarm_panel.png" />
The Alarm Panel
</p>
<p>Widget type <strong>Haalarmstatus</strong></p>
<p>The Haalarmstatus widget displays the current status of the alarm_control_panel entity. It will also display the code as it is being entered by the user.</p>
<p>The data-id must be the same as the alarm_control_panel entity_id in Home Assistant.</p>
<p>Widget type <strong>Haalarmdigit</strong></p>
<p>The Haalarmdigit widget is used to create the numeric keypad for entering alarm codes.</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">data-digit</code> holds the numeric value you wish to enter. The special value of “-“ creates a clear button which will wipe the code and return the Haalarmstatus widget display back to the current alarm state.</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">data-alarmentity</code> holds the data-id of the Haalarmstatus widget, so that the status widget can be correctly updated. It is mandatory for a clear type digit and optional for normal numeric buttons.</p>
<p>Widget type <strong>Haalarmaction</strong></p>
<p>The Haalarmaction widget creates the arm/disarm/trigger buttons. Bear in mind that alarm triggering does not require a code, so you may not want to put this button near the other buttons in case it is pressed accidentally.</p>
<p>data-action must contain one of the following: arm_home/arm_away/trigger/disarm.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="weather-requires-darksky" href="#weather-requires-darksky"></a> weather (requires DarkSky)</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Haweather</strong>.</p>
<p>In order to use the weather widget you must configure the <a href="/components/sensor.darksky/">DarkSky component</a>, and ensure that you configure at least the following monitored conditions in your Home Assistant sensor configuration:</p>
<ul>
<li>temperature</li>
<li>humidity</li>
<li>precip_probability</li>
<li>precip_intensity</li>
<li>wind_speed</li>
<li>pressure</li>
<li>wind_bearing</li>
<li>apparent_temperature</li>
<li>icon</li>
</ul>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">data-id</code> of the Haweather widget must be set to <code class="highlighter-rouge">weather</code> or the widget will not work.</p>
<p>The Hatemp widget supports an additional paramater <code class="highlighter-rouge">data-unit</code>. This allows you to set the unit to whatever you want: Centigrade, Fahrenheit or even Kelvin if you prefer. You will need to explicitly include the degree symbol like this:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>data-unit="<span class="ni">&amp;deg;</span>F"
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If omitted, no units will be shown.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="news" href="#news"></a> News</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong><em>News</em></strong> (contributed by <a href="https://community.home-assistant.io/users/kris/activity">KRiS</a>)</p>
<p>This is an RSS widget that can be used for displaying travel information, news etc. on the dashboard. The RSS feed will update every 60 minutes. To configure this, first it is necessary to add your desired feeds in <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant/lib/ha_conf.rb</code> in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">$news_feeds</code> section. By default it comes with 2 sample feeds:</p>
<div class="language-ruby highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="vg">$news_feeds</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">"Traffic"</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s2">"http://api.sr.se/api/rss/traffic/2863"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"News"</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s2">"http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/rss.xml"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You can add as many as you want. The important point is that the key value (e.g. “Traffic” or “News” in the example above is used to tie the feed to your widget in the dashboard file. Here is an example of the Traffic widget that displays the first feed in the list:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;li</span> <span class="na">data-row=</span><span class="s">"3"</span> <span class="na">data-col=</span><span class="s">"2"</span> <span class="na">data-sizex=</span><span class="s">"2"</span> <span class="na">data-sizey=</span><span class="s">"2"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">data-id=</span><span class="s">"Traffic"</span> <span class="na">data-view=</span><span class="s">"News"</span> <span class="na">data-title=</span><span class="s">"Traffic"</span> <span class="na">data-interval=</span><span class="s">"30"</span> <span class="na">data-bgcolor=</span><span class="s">"#643EBF"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The value of thee <code class="highlighter-rouge">data-id</code> tag must match the key value in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">$news_feeds</code> configuration.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>data-interval</strong> (optional): The time in seconds that each entry in the RSS feed is displayed before the next one is shown, default is 30 seconds.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>The follwing widget types have been deprecated in favor of the more flexible <code class="highlighter-rouge">Hasensor</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">Hameter</code> widgets. They will be removed in a future release.</strong></p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sensor-humidity" href="#sensor-humidity"></a> sensor (humidity)</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Hahumidity</strong>.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sensor-humidity" href="#sensor-humidity"></a> sensor (humidity)</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Hahumiditymeter</strong> (contributed by <a href="https://community.home-assistant.io/users/chanders/activity">Shiv Chanders</a>)</p>
<p>This is an alternative to the the text based humidity widget above, it display the humidity as an animated meter from 0 to 100%.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sensor-luminance" href="#sensor-luminance"></a> sensor (luminance)</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Halux</strong>.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="sensor-temperature" href="#sensor-temperature"></a> sensor (temperature)</h3>
<p>Widget type <strong>Hatemp</strong>.</p>
<p>The Hatemp widget supports an additional paramater <code class="highlighter-rouge">data-unit</code>. This allows you to set the unit to whatever you want: Centigrade, Fahrenheit or even Kelvin if you prefer. You will need to explicitly include the degree symbol like this:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>data-unit="<span class="ni">&amp;deg;</span>F"
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If omitted, no units will be shown.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="customizing-css-styles" href="#customizing-css-styles"></a> Customizing CSS styles</h2>
<p>If you want to customize the styles of your dashboard and widgets, there are two options:</p>
<ol>
<li>You can edit the application.scss file (and the individual widget .scss files) directly (not recommended; if you pull down updates from the master repository, your changes might conflict/be overwritten)</li>
<li><strong>Create override files (recommended)</strong>
<ol>
<li>Create a couple of additional files in the <em>assets/stylesheets</em> directory: <code class="highlighter-rouge">_application_custom.scss</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">_variables_custom.scss</code>.</li>
<li>Open <code class="highlighter-rouge">application.scss</code> and go to the bottom of the file. Uncomment the @import line.</li>
<li>Open <code class="highlighter-rouge">_variables.scss</code> and go to the bottom of the file. Uncomment the @import line.</li>
<li>Write your own SASS styles in <code class="highlighter-rouge">_application_custom.scss</code> (for general style customization) and <code class="highlighter-rouge">_variables_custom.scss</code> (for colors). You can customize those files without worrying about your changes getting overwritten if you pull down an update. The most you may have to do, if you update, will be to uncomment the @import lines again from steps 2 and 3.</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>Note: The <code class="highlighter-rouge">_variables.scss</code> file (and your customizations from <code class="highlighter-rouge">_variables_custom.scss</code>) get imported into nearly every widgets SCSS file, so it is a best practice to define varaibles for colors in <code class="highlighter-rouge">_variables.scss</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">_variables_custom.scss</code> and reference those variables in the widget SCSS.</strong></p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="changes-and-restarting" href="#changes-and-restarting"></a> Changes and Restarting</h2>
<p>When you make changes to a dashboard, Dashing and <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> will both automatically reload and apply the changes without a need to restart.</p>
<p>Note: The first time you start Dashing, it can take up to a minute for the initial compilation of the pages to occur. You might get a timeout from your browser. If this occurs, be patient and reload. Subsequent reloads will be a lot quicker.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="multiple-pages" href="#multiple-pages"></a> Multiple Pages</h2>
<p>It is possible to have multiple pages within a dashboard. To do this, you can add an arbitary number of gridster divisions (you need at least one).</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"gridster"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="c">&lt;!-- Main Panel - PAGE 1 --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;some</span> <span class="na">widgets</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="err">&lt;</span>/div
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"gridster"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="c">&lt;!-- More Stuff - PAGE 2 --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;more</span> <span class="na">widgets</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="err">&lt;</span>/div
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The divisions are implicitly numbered from 1 so it is a good idea to comment them. You can then add a widget to switch between pages like so:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;li</span> <span class="na">data-row=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">data-col=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">data-sizex=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">data-sizey=</span><span class="s">"1"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">data-id=</span><span class="s">"cpage1"</span> <span class="na">data-view=</span><span class="s">"ChangePage"</span> <span class="na">data-icon=</span><span class="s">"cogs"</span> <span class="na">data-title=</span><span class="s">"Upstairs"</span> <span class="na">data-page=</span><span class="s">"3"</span> <span class="na">data-stagger=</span><span class="s">"false"</span> <span class="na">data-fasttransition=</span><span class="s">"true"</span> <span class="na">data-event-click=</span><span class="s">"onClick"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li><strong><em>data-page</em></strong> : The name of the page to switch to</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="multiple-dashboards" href="#multiple-dashboards"></a> Multiple Dashboards</h2>
<p>You can also have multiple dashboards, by simply adding a new .erb file to the dashboards directory and navigating to the dashboards via <code class="highlighter-rouge">http://&lt;IP address&gt;:3030/dashboard-file-name-without-extension</code></p>
<p>For example, if you want to deploy multiple devices, you could have one dashboard per room and still only use one hadashboard app installation.</p>
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HAPush
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<h1>Installing hapush (Manual install only)</h1>
<p>This is not necessary if you are using Docker as it is already installed.</p>
<p>When you have the dashboard correctly displaying and interacting with Home Assistant you are ready to install the final component - <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code>. Without <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> the dashboard would not respond to events that happen outside of the hadashboard system. For instance, if someone uses the Home Assistant interface to turn on a light, or even another App or physical switch, there is no way for the Dashboard to reflect this change. This is where <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> comes in.</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> is a python daemon that listens to Home Assistants Event Stream and pushes changes back to the dashboard to update it in real time. You may want to create a <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html">Virtual Environment</a> for hapush - at the time of writing there is a conflict in the Event Source versions in use between HA and hapush.</p>
<p>Before running <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> you will need to add some python prerequisites:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo pip3 install daemonize
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo pip3 install sseclient
<span class="gp">$ </span>sudo pip3 install configobj
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Some users are reporting errors with <code class="highlighter-rouge">InsecureRequestWarning</code>:</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./hapush.py", line 21, in &lt;module&gt;
from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
ImportError: cannot import name 'InsecureRequestWarning'
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This can be fixed with:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo pip3 install --upgrade requests
</code></pre>
</div>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="configuring-hapush-all-installation-methods" href="#configuring-hapush-all-installation-methods"></a> Configuring hapush (all installation methods)</h2>
<p>When you have all the prereqs in place, copy the hapush.cfg.example file to hapush.cfg then edit it to reflect your environment:</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>ha_url = "http://192.168.1.10:8123"
ha_key = api_key
dash_host = "192.168.1.10:3030"
dash_dir = "/srv/hass/src/hadashboard/dashboards"
logfile = "/etc/hapush/hapush.log"
</code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">ha_url</code> is a reference to your home assistant installation and must include the correct port number and scheme (<code class="highlighter-rouge">http://</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">https://</code> as appropriate)</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">ha_key</code> should be set to your key if you have one, otherwise it can be removed.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">dash_host</code> should be set to the IP address and port of the host you are running Dashing on (no http or https) - this should be the same machine as you are running <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> on.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">dash_dir</code> is the path on the machine that stores your dashboards. This will be the subdirectory <code class="highlighter-rouge">dashboards</code> relative to the path you cloned <code class="highlighter-rouge">hadashboard</code> to. For Docker installs this should be set to <code class="highlighter-rouge">/app/dashboards</code></li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">logfile</code> is the path to where you want <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> to keep its logs. When run from the command line this is not used - log messages come out on the terminal. When running as a daemon this is where the log information will go. In the example above I created a directory specifically for hapush to run from, although there is no reason you cant keep it in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> subdirectory of the cloned repository. For Docker installs this should be set to <code class="highlighter-rouge">/app/hapush/hapush.log</code></li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="running-hapush" href="#running-hapush"></a> Running hapush</h2>
<p>For a manual installation you can then run hapush from the command line as follows:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>./hapush.py hapush.cfg
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>For docker installs, hapush will be started automatically when you run the startup command.</p>
<p>If all is well, you should start to see <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> responding to events as they occur. For a docker installation you should see these messages in <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush/hapush.log</code>.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>2016-06-19 10:05:59,693 INFO Reading dashboard: /srv/hass/src/hadashboard/dashboards/main.erb
2016-06-19 10:06:12,362 INFO switch.wendy_bedside -&gt; state <span class="o">=</span> on, brightness <span class="o">=</span> 50
2016-06-19 10:06:13,334 INFO switch.andrew_bedside -&gt; state <span class="o">=</span> on, brightness <span class="o">=</span> 50
2016-06-19 10:06:13,910 INFO script.night -&gt; Night
2016-06-19 10:06:13,935 INFO script.night_quiet -&gt; Night
2016-06-19 10:06:13,959 INFO script.day -&gt; Night
2016-06-19 10:06:13,984 INFO script.evening -&gt; Night
2016-06-19 10:06:14,008 INFO input_select.house_mode -&gt; Night
2016-06-19 10:06:14,038 INFO script.morning -&gt; Night
2016-06-19 10:06:21,624 INFO script.night -&gt; Day
2016-06-19 10:06:21,649 INFO script.night_quiet -&gt; Day
2016-06-19 10:06:21,674 INFO script.day -&gt; Day
2016-06-19 10:06:21,698 INFO script.evening -&gt; Day
2016-06-19 10:06:21,724 INFO input_select.house_mode -&gt; Day
2016-06-19 10:06:21,748 INFO script.morning -&gt; Day
2016-06-19 10:06:31,084 INFO switch.andrew_bedside -&gt; state <span class="o">=</span> off, brightness <span class="o">=</span> 30
2016-06-19 10:06:32,501 INFO switch.wendy_bedside -&gt; state <span class="o">=</span> off, brightness <span class="o">=</span> 30
2016-06-19 10:06:52,280 INFO sensor.side_multisensor_luminance_25 -&gt; 871.0
2016-06-19 10:07:50,574 INFO sensor.side_temp_corrected -&gt; 70.7
2016-06-19 10:07:51,478 INFO sensor.side_multisensor_relative_humidity_25 -&gt; 52.0
</code></pre>
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HADashboard
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<p>HADashboard is a dashboard for <a href="https://home-assistant.io/">Home Assistant</a> that is intended to be wall mounted, and is optimized for distance viewing.</p>
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Sample Dashboard
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<p>HADashboard was originally created by the excellent work of <a href="https://github.com/FlorianZ/hadashboard">FlorianZ</a> for use with the SmartThings Home Automation system, with notable contributions from the <a href="https://community.smartthings.com/t/home-automation-dashboard/4926">SmartThings Community</a>. I would also like to acknowledge contributions made by <a href="https://github.com/zpriddy/SmartThings_PyDash">zipriddy</a>. This is my port of hadashboard to Home Assistant.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Installation
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>Installation can be performed using Docker (Contributed by <a href="https://github.com/marijngiesen">marijngiesen</a>) or manually if Docker doesnt work for you. We also have a Raspberry PI version of Docker contributed by <a href="https://community.home-assistant.io/users/snizzleorg/activity">snizzleorg</a></p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="using-docker-non-raspian" href="#using-docker-non-raspian"></a> Using Docker (Non Raspian)</h2>
<p>Assuming you already have Docker installed, installation is fairly easy.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="clone-the-repository" href="#clone-the-repository"></a> Clone the Repository</h3>
<p>Clone the <strong>hadashboard</strong> repository to the current local directory on your machine.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>git clone https://github.com/home-assistant/hadashboard.git
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Change your working directory to the repository root. Moving forward, we will be working from this directory.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">cd </span>hadashboard
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="build-the-docker-image" href="#build-the-docker-image"></a> Build the docker image</h3>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>docker build -t hadashboard .
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>When the build completes, you can run the dashboard with the following command for unix based systems:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>docker run --name<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"hadashboard"</span> -d -v &lt;path_to_hadashboard&gt;/dashboards:/app/dashboards -v &lt;path_to_hadashboard&gt;/lib/ha_conf.rb:/app/lib/ha_conf.rb -v &lt;path_to_hadashboard&gt;/hapush:/app/hapush --net<span class="o">=</span>host hadashboard
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If you are running docker on windows you should not use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">--net</code> command and explicitly specify the port, aslo for security reason <code class="highlighter-rouge">--net=host</code> should not be used so the following can also be used in unix. This will also set the process to start when the docker process starts so you do not have to worry about reboots. To map the volumes make sure you have ticked the shred drives in the settings. In this example I am using <code class="highlighter-rouge">c:\hadashboard</code> as the location where the git clone was done and mapping to port 3030 on the host.</p>
<div class="language-powershell highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker run --restart<span class="o">=</span>always --name<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"hadashboard"</span> -p 3030:3030 -d -v C:/hadashboard/dashboards:/app/dashboards -v C:/hadashboard/lib/ha_conf.rb:/app/lib/ha_conf.rb -v C:/hadashboard/hapush:/app/hapush hadashboard
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This will use all of the same configuration files as specified below in the configuration sections, although you will need to make a few changes to the <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> configuration to match the dockers filesystem, detailed below.</p>
<p>By default, the docker instance should pick up your timezone but if you want to explicitly set it you can add an environment variable for your specific zone as follows:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> -e <span class="s2">"TZ=Europe/Amsterdam"</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="docker-on-raspberry-pi" href="#docker-on-raspberry-pi"></a> Docker on Raspberry Pi</h3>
<p>Raspberry pi needs to use a different docker build file so the build command is slightly different:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>docker build -f Docker-raspi/Dockerfile -t hadashboard .
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Apart from that the other steps are identical.</p>
<p><em>Note - this is pretty slow even on a PI3, be prepared for it to take an hour or two to build all of the extensions and install everything</em></p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="manual-installation" href="#manual-installation"></a> Manual Installation</h2>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="clone-the-repository" href="#clone-the-repository"></a> Clone the Repository</h3>
<p>Clone the <strong>hadashboard</strong> repository to the current local directory on your machine.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>git clone https://github.com/home-assistant/hadashboard.git
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Change your working directory to the repository root. Moving forward, we will be working from this directory.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">cd </span>hadashboard
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="2-install-dashing-and-prereqs" href="#2-install-dashing-and-prereqs"></a> 2. Install Dashing and prereqs</h3>
<p>Essentially, you want to make sure that you have Ruby installed on your local machine. Then, install the Dashing gem:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>gem install dashing
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>From your repository root, make sure that all dependencies are available.</p>
<p>Note: on some systems you may also need to install bundler:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>gem install bundler
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>When installed run it:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>bundle
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Bundle will now install all the ruby prereqs for running dashing.</p>
<p>Note: Prereqs will vary across different machines. So far users have reported requirements for some additional installs to allow the bundle to complete succesfully:</p>
<ul>
<li>ruby-dev - <code class="highlighter-rouge">sudo apt-get install ruby-dev</code></li>
<li>node-js - <code class="highlighter-rouge">sudo apt-get install nodejs</code></li>
<li>libsqlite3-dev - <code class="highlighter-rouge">sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-dev</code></li>
<li>execjs gem - <code class="highlighter-rouge">gem install execjs</code></li>
</ul>
<p>You will need to research what works on your particular architecture and also bear in mind that version numbers may change over time.</p>
<p>Note: This is currently running on various versions of Ruby and there are no strong dependencies however your mileage may vary.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="updating-configuration-manual-and-docker" href="#updating-configuration-manual-and-docker"></a> Updating configuration (Manual and Docker)</h2>
<p>Next, in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">./lib</code> directory, copy the ha_conf.rb.example file to ha_conf.rb and edit its settings to reflect your installation, pointing to the machine Home Assistant is running on and adding your api_key.</p>
<div class="language-ruby highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="vg">$ha_url</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"http://192.168.1.10:8123"</span>
<span class="vg">$ha_apikey</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"your key"</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">$ha_url</code> is a reference to your home assistant installation and must include the correct port number and scheme (<code class="highlighter-rouge">http://</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">https://</code> as appropriate)</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">$ha_apikey</code> should be set to your key if you have one, otherwise it can remain blank.</li>
</ul>
<p>The file also contains example newsfeeds for the News widget:</p>
<div class="language-ruby highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="vg">$news_feeds</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">"Traffic"</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s2">"http://api.sr.se/api/rss/traffic/2863"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"News"</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s2">"http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/rss.xml"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You can leave these alone for now or if you prefer customize them as described in the News widget section.</p>
<p>When you are done, you can start a local webserver like this or if you are on docker it should start when you start the container.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>dashing start
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Point your browser to <strong>http://localhost:3030</strong> to access the hadashboard on your local machine, and you should see the supplied default dashboard. If you want to access it remotely ensure you have opened any required firewall rules.</p>
<p>If the page never finishes loading and shows up all white, edit the dashboard config to match your own setup, instructions in the next step.</p>
</article>
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<p>To run Dashing and <code class="highlighter-rouge">hapush</code> at reboot, I have provided sample init scripts in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">./init</code> directory. These have been tested on a Raspberry Pi - your mileage may vary on other systems.</p>
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<p>To update the dashboard after new code has been released, just run the following command to update your copy:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>git pull origin
</code></pre>
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<li><a href='/docs/frontend/mobile/'>Android/iOS Homescreen </a></li>
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<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/basic/'>Basic notifications </a></li>
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<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/examples/'>Examples </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/sounds/'>Sounds </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/architecture/'>Architecture </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/privacy_security_rate_limits/'>Privacy, rate limiting and security </a></li>
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<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/attachments/'>Attachments </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/content_extensions/'>Dynamic content </a></li>
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Ecosystem
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Ecosystem includes documentation for related tools and projects that extend Home Assistant to new platforms and systems.
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<li><a href='/docs/frontend/mobile/'>Android/iOS Homescreen </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/frontend/webserver/'>Web server fingerprint </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/frontend/browsers/'>Browser Compatibility List </a></li>
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ios.conf
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<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios.conf</code> file contains the most recent state of all registered iOS devices. Deleting this file will not disable the devices and the file will be recreated the next time a new device is connected or an existing one reconnects.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
iOS
</h1>
</header>
<hr class="divider">
<p>The Home Assistant for iOS app offers a companion app for iOS which is deeply integrated into both Home Assistant and iOS. Its basic features include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Advanced push notifications</li>
<li>Location tracking</li>
<li>Basic control of all Home Assistant entities</li>
<li>Integration with third party apps</li>
</ul>
<p class="note warning">
Currently, the app is only available via a closed beta. It will be on the App Store within the next few weeks.
</p>
<p class="img">
<img src="/images/ios/control1.png" width="310" height="552" />
An example of a Home Assistant group as seen in the iOS app.
</p>
<h2>Basic requirements</h2>
<ul>
<li>iOS device running at least iOS 9, but iOS 10 is greatly preferred.</li>
<li>Home Assistant 0.31.1 or higher for push notification support.</li>
<li>SSL is strongly recommended. Self-signed SSL certificates will not work due to Apples limitations.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios</code> component is the companion component for the Home Assistant iOS app. While not required, adding the <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios</code> component to your setup will greatly enhance the iOS app with new notification, location and sensor functions not possible with a standalone app.</p>
<p>Loading the <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios</code> component will also load the <a href="/components/device_tracker"><code class="highlighter-rouge">device_tracker</code></a>, <a href="/components/zeroconf"><code class="highlighter-rouge">zeroconf</code></a> and <a href="/components/notify"><code class="highlighter-rouge">notify</code></a> platforms.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="setup" href="#setup"></a> Setup</h2>
<h3>Automated Setup</h3>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios</code> component will automatically be loaded under the following circumstances:</p>
<ol>
<li>The <a href="/components/discovery"><code class="highlighter-rouge">discovery</code></a> component is enabled.</li>
<li>You have just installed the app and are at the getting started screen.</li>
</ol>
<p>Automated discovery and component loaded can only happen at first install of the app. You may need to wait a few minutes for the iOS component to load as the <code class="highlighter-rouge">discovery</code> component only scans the network every 5 minutes.</p>
<h3>Manual Setup</h3>
<p>You may also manually load the <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios</code> component by adding the following to your configuration:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Example configuration.yaml entry</span>
<span class="s">ios</span><span class="pi">:</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Configuration variables:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>push</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): Push notification configuration. See the <a href="/ecosystem/ios/notifications/">iOS <code class="highlighter-rouge">notify</code> platform</a> for more information.</li>
</ul>
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Integration
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<p>Home Assistant for iOS supports opening from other apps via URL.</p>
<p>Query parameters are passed as a dictionary in the call.</p>
<h2>Call service</h2>
<p>Example: <code class="highlighter-rouge">homeassistant://call_service/device_tracker.see?entity_id=device_tracker.entity</code></p>
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Location
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<h2><a class="title-link" name="location-tracking-when-outside-a-home-assistant-zone" href="#location-tracking-when-outside-a-home-assistant-zone"></a> Location tracking when outside a Home Assistant zone</h2>
<p>Home Assistant for iOS receives <em>significant location updates</em> from iOS. Whenever an update is received, it is sent to Home Assistant. Roughly, an update is received everytime that your device transfers to a new cellular tower, a significant amount of time has passed (usually a couple hours) or a connection state changes and the system notices your location recently changed.</p>
<p>Apple <a href="https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/LocationAwarenessPG/CoreLocation/CoreLocation.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40009497-CH2-SW9">defines</a> significant significant-change location updates as:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The significant-change location service delivers updates only when there has been a significant change in the devices location, such as 500 meters or more.</p>
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<p>They also say in the <a href="https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Performance/Conceptual/EnergyGuide-iOS/LocationBestPractices.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40015243-CH24-SW4">Energy Efficiency Guide</a>:</p>
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<p>Significant-change location updates wake the system and your app once every 15 minutes, at minimum, even if no location changes have occurred.</p>
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<p>Finally, I think this answer from <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/a/13331625/486182">Stack Overflow</a> says it best:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The significant location change is the least accurate of all the location monitoring types. It only gets its updates when there is a cell tower transition or change. This can mean a varying level of accuracy and updates based on where the user is. City area, more updates with more towers. Out of town, interstate, fewer towers and changes.</p>
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<p>Whats the real story on significant-change location updates? Who knows, because Apple keeps it private.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="location-tracking-in-home-assistant-zones" href="#location-tracking-in-home-assistant-zones"></a> Location tracking in Home Assistant zones</h2>
<p>At launch, Home Assistant for iOS sets up geofences for all zones in your Home Assistant configuration. Enter and exit notifications are sent to Home Assistant.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Actionable Notifications
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>Actionable notifications allow you to attach 1-4 custom buttons to a notification. When one of the actions is selected Home Assistant will be notified which action was chosen. This allows you to build complex automations.</p>
<p>Examples of actionable notifications:</p>
<ul>
<li>A notification is sent whenever motion is detected in your home while you are away or asleep. You can add an action to Sound Alarm. When tapped, Home Assistant is notified that the <code class="highlighter-rouge">sound_alarm</code> action was selected. You can add an automation to sound the burglar alarm whenever this event is seen.</li>
<li>Someone rings your front door bell. You can send an action to lock or unlock your front door. When tapped, a notification is sent back to Home Assistant upon which you can build automations.</li>
<li>Send a notification whenever your garage door opens with actions to open and close the garage.</li>
</ul>
<p class="img">
<img src="/images/ios/actions.png" />
Actionable notifications allow the user to send a command back to Home Assistant.
</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="overview-of-how-actionable-notifications-work" href="#overview-of-how-actionable-notifications-work"></a> Overview of how actionable notifications work</h2>
<p>In advance of sending a notification:</p>
<ol>
<li>Define a notification category in your Home Assistant configuration which contain 1-4 actions.</li>
<li>At launch iOS app requests notification categories from Home Assistant (can also be done manually in notification settings).</li>
</ol>
<p>When sending a notification:</p>
<ol>
<li>Send a notification with <code class="highlighter-rouge">data.push.category</code> set to a pre-defined notification category identifer.</li>
<li>Push notification delivered to device</li>
<li>User opens notification.</li>
<li>Action tapped</li>
<li>Identifier of action sent back to HA as the <code class="highlighter-rouge">actionName</code> property of the event <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios.notification_action_fired</code>, along with other metadata such as the device and category name.</li>
</ol>
<p class="img">
<img src="/images/ios/NotificationActionFlow.png" />
How the iOS device and Home Assistant work together to enable actionable notifications.
</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="definitions" href="#definitions"></a> Definitions</h2>
<ul>
<li>Category - A category represents a type of notification that the app might receive. Think of it as a unique group of actions. A categories parameters include:</li>
<li>Action - An action consists of a button title and the information that iOS needs to notify the app when the action is selected. You create separate action objects for distinct action your app supports. An actions parameters include:</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="category-parameters" href="#category-parameters"></a> Category parameters</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>name</strong> (<em>Required</em>): A friendly name for this category.</li>
<li><strong>identifier</strong> (<em>Required</em>): A unique identifier for the category. Must be uppercase and have no special characters or spaces.</li>
<li><strong>action</strong> (<em>Required</em>): A list of actions.</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="action-parameters" href="#action-parameters"></a> Action parameters</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>identifier</strong> (<em>Required</em>): A unique identifier for this action. Must be uppercase and have no special characters or spaces. Only needs to be unique to the category, not unique globally.</li>
<li><strong>title</strong> (<em>Required</em>): The text to display on the button. Keep it short.</li>
<li><strong>activationMode</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): The mode in which to run the app when the action is performed. Setting this to <code class="highlighter-rouge">foreground</code> will make the app open after selecting. Default value is <code class="highlighter-rouge">background</code>.</li>
<li><strong>authenticationRequired</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): If a truthy value (<code class="highlighter-rouge">true</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">True</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">yes</code>, etc.) the user must unlock the device before the action is performed.</li>
<li><strong>destructive</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): When the value of this property is a truthy value, the system displays the corresponding button differently to indicate that the action is destructive (text color is red).</li>
<li><strong>behavior</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): When <code class="highlighter-rouge">textInput</code> the system provides a way for the user to enter a text response to be included with the notification. The entered text will be sent back to Home Assistant. Default value is <code class="highlighter-rouge">default</code>.</li>
<li><strong>textInputButtonTitle</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): The button label. <em>Required</em> if <code class="highlighter-rouge">behavior</code> is <code class="highlighter-rouge">textInput</code>.</li>
<li><strong>textInputPlaceholder</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): The placeholder text to show in the text input field. Only used if <code class="highlighter-rouge">behavior</code> is <code class="highlighter-rouge">textInput</code> and the device runs iOS 10.</li>
</ul>
<p>Heres a fully built example configuration:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">ios</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">push</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">categories</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Alarm</span>
<span class="s">identifier</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">ALARM'</span>
<span class="s">actions</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">identifier</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">SOUND_ALARM'</span>
<span class="s">title</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Sound</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Alarm'</span>
<span class="s">activationMode</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">background'</span>
<span class="s">authenticationRequired</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">yes</span>
<span class="s">destructive</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">yes</span>
<span class="s">behavior</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">default'</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">identifier</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">SILENCE_ALARM'</span>
<span class="s">title</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Silence</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">Alarm'</span>
<span class="s">activationMode</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">background'</span>
<span class="s">authenticationRequired</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">yes</span>
<span class="s">destructive</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">no</span>
<span class="s">behavior</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">textInput'</span>
<span class="s">textInputButtonTitle</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Silencio!'</span>
<span class="s">textInputPlaceholder</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">Placeholder'</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="building-automations-for-notification-actions" href="#building-automations-for-notification-actions"></a> Building automations for notification actions</h2>
<p>Here is an example automation to send a notification with a category in the payload:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Notify iOS app</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.ios_robbies_iphone_7_plus</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Something</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">happened</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">at</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">home!"</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">push</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">badge</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">5</span>
<span class="s">sound</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">&lt;SOUND FILE HERE&gt;</span>
<span class="s">category</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">ALARM"</span> <span class="c1"># Needs to match the top level identifier you used in the ios configuration</span>
<span class="s">action_data</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="c1"># Anything passed in action_data will get echoed back to Home Assistant.</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">light.test</span>
<span class="s">my_custom_data</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">foo_bar</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>When an action is selected an event named <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios.notification_action_fired</code> will be emitted on the Home Assistant event bus. Below is an example payload.</p>
<div class="language-json highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
</span><span class="nt">"sourceDeviceName"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Robbie's iPhone 7 Plus"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
</span><span class="nt">"sourceDeviceID"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"robbies_iphone_7_plus"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
</span><span class="nt">"actionName"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"SOUND_ALARM"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
</span><span class="nt">"sourceDevicePushId"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"ab9f02fe-6ac6-47b8-adeb-5dd87b489156"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
</span><span class="nt">"textInput"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">""</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
</span><span class="nt">"actionData"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span><span class="w">
</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Heres an example automation for the given payload:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Sound the alarm</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">platform</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">event</span>
<span class="s">event_type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">ios.notification_action_fired</span>
<span class="s">event_data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">actionName</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">SOUND_ALARM</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Notes:</p>
<ul>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">textInput</code> will only exist if <code class="highlighter-rouge">behavior</code> was set to <code class="highlighter-rouge">textInput</code>.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">actionData</code> is a dictionary with parameters passed in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">action_data</code> dictionary of the <code class="highlighter-rouge">push</code> dictionary in the original notification.</li>
</ul>
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The push notification infrastructure layout
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Notification Attachments
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<p>iOS 10 adds <em>attachments</em> to notifications. An attachment is an image, video, or audio file which is downloaded to the device when a notification is received and shown alongside the notification. A thumbnail is shown when the notification is not expanded. The full size attachment is shown when the notification is expanded.</p>
<p class="note">
To expand a notification on 3D Touch devices simply force touch any notification. On non-3D Touch devices swipe and tap the “View” button.
</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Notify iOS app</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.ios_robbies_iphone_7_plus</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Something</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">happened</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">at</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">home!"</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="s">data:</span>
<span class="s">attachment:</span>
<span class="s">url:</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">https://67.media.tumblr.com/ab04c028a5244377a0ab96e73915e584/tumblr_nfn3ztLjxk1tq4of6o1_400.gif</span>
<span class="s">content-type:</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">gif</span>
<span class="s">hide-thumbnail:</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">false</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Notes:</p>
<ul>
<li>The thumbnail of the notification will be the media at the <code class="highlighter-rouge">url</code>.</li>
<li>The notification content is the media at the <code class="highlighter-rouge">url</code>.</li>
<li>Attachment can be used with custom push notification categories.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Example</h2>
<p class="img">
<img src="/images/ios/attachment.png" />
An unexpanded push notification with an attachment.
</p>
<p class="img">
<img src="/images/ios/expanded_attachment.png" />
The same notification but expanded to show the full size attachment
</p>
<h2>Supported media types</h2>
<p>If the attachment does not appear please ensure it is in one of the following formats:</p>
<h3>Audio attachments</h3>
<p>Maximum file size: 5 MB</p>
<p>Allowed Formats: AIFF, WAV, MP3, MPEG4 Audio</p>
<h3>Image attachments</h3>
<p>Maximum file size: 10 MB</p>
<p>Allowed Formats: JPEG, GIF, PNG</p>
<h3>Video attachments</h3>
<p>Maximum file size: 50 MB</p>
<p>Allowed Formats: MPEG, MPEG2, MPEG4, AVI</p>
<h2>Configuration</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>url</strong> (<em>Required</em>): The URL of content to use as the attachment. This URL <em>must</em> be accessible from the Internet, or the receiving device must be on the same network as the hosted content.</li>
<li><strong>content-type</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): By default, the extension of the URL will be checked to determine the filetype. If there is no extension/it cant be determined you can manually provide a file extension.</li>
<li><strong>hide-thumbnail</strong> (<em>Optional</em>): If set to <code class="highlighter-rouge">true</code> the thumbnail will not show on the notification. The content will only be viewable by expanding.</li>
</ul>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Basic Notifications
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>The iOS notify platform accepts the standard <code class="highlighter-rouge">title</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">message</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">target</code> parameters. The iOS notify platform supports targets as services. Assuming that you did not set a <code class="highlighter-rouge">name</code> when configuring the platform you should find all your registered and notification-enabled iOS devices available as notify targets as services with names prefixed “notify.ios_” and then the device name you entered at setup.</p>
<p>Notes:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">title</code> only displays on Apple Watch and iOS 10 devices.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">target</code> can be used to specific a single device using its PushID, found in <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios.conf</code>. The preferred way of providing a target is through a target specific notify service.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="img">
<img src="/images/ios/example.png" />
A push notification showing all of the basic options <code class="highlighter-rouge">title</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">message</code> as well as <code class="highlighter-rouge">subtitle</code> and <a href="/ecosystem/ios/notifications/actions/">actions</a>.
</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="enhancing-basic-notifications" href="#enhancing-basic-notifications"></a> Enhancing basic notifications</h3>
<h4>Badge</h4>
<p>You can set the icon badge in the payload:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Notify iOS app</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.iOSApp</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Something</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">happened</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">at</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">home!"</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">push</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">badge</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">5</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h4>Subtitle</h4>
<p>iOS 10 supports a subtitle in addition to the title:</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span>
<span class="s">- alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Notify iOS app</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.iOSApp</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Something</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">happened</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">at</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">home!"</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">subtitle</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Subtitle</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">goes</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">here"</span>
</code></pre>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Dynamic Content
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<p>With the new Content Extension feature found in iOS 10, dynamic content can now be displayed as part of a notification without opening an app.</p>
<h1>Map</h1>
<p>Will show a map with a red tipped pin at the coordinates given.
The map will be centered at the coordinates given.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.iOSApp</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Something happened at home!</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">push</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">category</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">map</span>
<span class="s">action_data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">latitude</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">40.785091</span>
<span class="s">longitude</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">-73.968285</span>
</code></pre>
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<p class="img">
<img src="/images/ios/map.png" />
An example of the map dynamic content.
</p>
<h1>Camera Stream</h1>
<p>The notification thumbnail will be a still image from the camera.
The notification content is a real time MJPEG stream of a camera (assuming the camera supports it).</p>
<p>You can use the attachment parameters <code class="highlighter-rouge">content-type</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">hide-thumbnail</code> with camera.</p>
<p>You can view an example <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LmYwpxPKW0g">here</a>.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.iOSApp</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Motion detected in the Living Room</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">push</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">category</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">camera</span>
<span class="s">entity_id</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">camera.demo_camera</span>
</code></pre>
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<h1>Combining with actionable notifications</h1>
<p>As you can see the <code class="highlighter-rouge">category</code> key is used to tell the device what kind of content extension to use. You can use the same category identifiers in your own custom <a href="/ecosystem/ios/notifications/actions/">actions</a> to add actions to the content extension.</p>
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<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios</code> notify platform enables sending push notifications to the Home Assistant iOS app.</p>
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Privacy, Rate Limiting and Security
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<h2><a class="title-link" name="privacy" href="#privacy"></a> Privacy</h2>
<p>No notification content is stored on remote servers. Only the required push registration data and a simple counter of the total number of push notifications sent per day per device (for rate limiting purposes) is kept.</p>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="rate-limiting" href="#rate-limiting"></a> Rate limiting</h2>
<p>Currently, you are allowed to send a maximum of 150 push notifications per day per device. This is to ensure that the service remains cheap to maintain. In the future we may add support for upgrading to allow more notifications. The rate limit resets at midnight UTC daily. When a notification is sent your current rate limits (including sent notifications and notifications remaining for the day) will be output to your Home Assistant logs. If an error occurs while sending a notification your rate limit will not be affected.</p>
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<p>All traffic between your Home Assistant instance, the push infrastructure, and Apple, is encrypted with SSL.</p>
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Requesting Location Updates
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<p class="note warning">
<strong>Do not rely on this functionality due to the time limits mentioned below.</strong>
</p>
<p>You can force a device to attempt to report its location by sending a special notification.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="s">automation</span>
<span class="s">- alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Notify iOS app</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.iOSApp</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">request_location_update"</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Assuming the device receives the notification, it will attempt to get a location update within 5 seconds and report it to Home Assistant. This is a little bit hit or miss since Apple imposes a maximum time allowed for the app to work with the notification and location updates sometimes take longer than usual due to factors such as waiting for GPS acquisition.</p>
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<h1 class="title indent">
Notification Sounds
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<hr class="divider">
<p>Adding a custom sound to a notification allows you to easily identify the notification without even looking at your device. Home Assistant for iOS comes with some notification sounds pre-installed but you can also upload your own.</p>
<p>Here is an example notification that uses one of the pre-installed sounds.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">alias</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Notify iOS app</span>
<span class="s">trigger</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">...</span>
<span class="s">action</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">service</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">notify.iOSApp</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">message</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">“Something happened at home!”</span>
<span class="s">data</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">push</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="s">sound</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Roommate-Is-Arriving.wav"</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Notes:</p>
<ul>
<li>You must use the full filename in the payload (including extension).</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="title-link" name="custom-push-notification-sounds" href="#custom-push-notification-sounds"></a> Custom push notification sounds</h2>
<p>The app allows you to use your own custom sounds in push notifications. The sounds must be formatted following [Apples requirements][sound-requirements]. You set the filename of the sound in the notification payload. To add sounds:</p>
<ol>
<li>Connect the device to a PC or Mac running the latest version of iTunes.</li>
<li>Go to the device in iTunes.</li>
<li>Select “Apps” on the left sidebar.</li>
<li>Scroll down until you see the section labeled “File Sharing”.</li>
<li>Select HomeAssistant.</li>
<li>Drag and drop properly formatted sounds.</li>
<li>Click Sync in the lower right.</li>
<li>Once sync is complete, disconnect the device from the computer.</li>
<li>On your iOS device, open the Home Assistant app.</li>
<li>Go to Settings -&gt; Notification Settings.</li>
<li>Select “Import sounds from iTunes”.</li>
</ol>
<p>Assuming that you correctly formatted the sounds they are now available to use in push notifications.</p>
<p>Notes:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Please note that due to a bug in iOS 10 you may need to restart your entire device before notification sounds can be played. This should hopefully be fixed by Apple soon.</strong></li>
<li>Uploading a file with the same name as an existing one will overwrite the original.</li>
<li>You can view what sounds are installed on each device by inspecting the <code class="highlighter-rouge">ios.conf</code> file in your configuration directory. They are listed in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">pushSounds</code> array.</li>
</ul>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="preinstalled-notification-sounds" href="#preinstalled-notification-sounds"></a> Preinstalled notification sounds</h3>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>US-EN-Alexa-Back-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Back-Door-Unlocked.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Basement-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Basement-Door-Unlocked.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Boyfriend-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Daughter-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Front-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Front-Door-Unlocked.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Garage-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Girlfriend-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Good-Morning.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Good-Night.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Husband-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Mail-Has-Arrived.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Motion-At-Back-Door.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Motion-At-Front-Door.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Motion-Detected-Generic.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Motion-In-Back-Yard.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Motion-In-Basement.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Motion-In-Front-Yard.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Motion-In-Garage.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Patio-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Patio-Door-Unlocked.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Smoke-Detected-Generic.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Smoke-Detected-In-Basement.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Smoke-Detected-In-Garage.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Smoke-Detected-In-Kitchen.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Son-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Water-Detected-Generic.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Water-Detected-In-Basement.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Water-Detected-In-Garage.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Water-Detected-In-Kitchen.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Welcome-Home.wav
US-EN-Alexa-Wife-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Back-Door-Motion.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Back-Door-Open.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Front-Door-Motion.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Front-Door-Open.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Front-Window-Open.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Garage-Door-Open.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Guest-Bath-Leak.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Kitchen-Sink-Leak.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Kitchen-Window-Open.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Laundry-Room-Leak.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Master-Bath-Leak.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Master-Bedroom-Window-Open.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Office-Window-Open.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Refrigerator-Leak.wav
US-EN-Daisy-Water-Heater-Leak.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Back-Door-Closed.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Back-Door-Locked.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Back-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Back-Door-Unlocked.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Basement-Door-Closed.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Basement-Door-Locked.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Basement-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Basement-Door-Unlocked.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Boss-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Boyfriend-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Cleaning-Supplies-Closet-Opened.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Coworker-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Daughter-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Friend-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Front-Door-Closed.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Front-Door-Locked.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Front-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Front-Door-Unlocked.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Garage-Door-Closed.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Garage-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Girlfriend-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Good-Morning.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Good-Night.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Liquor-Cabinet-Opened.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-Detected.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-In-Basement.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-In-Bedroom.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-In-Game-Room.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-In-Garage.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-In-Kitchen.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-In-Living-Room.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-In-Theater.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Motion-In-Wine-Cellar.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Patio-Door-Closed.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Patio-Door-Locked.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Patio-Door-Opened.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Patio-Door-Unlocked.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Roommate-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Searching-For-Car-Keys.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Setting-The-Mood.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Smartthings-Detected-A-Flood.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Smartthings-Detected-Carbon-Monoxide.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Smartthings-Detected-Smoke.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Smoke-Detected-In-Basement.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Smoke-Detected-In-Garage.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Smoke-Detected-In-Kitchen.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Someone-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Son-Is-Arriving.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Starting-Movie-Mode.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Starting-Party-Mode.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Starting-Romance-Mode.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-All-The-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Air-Conditioner.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Bar-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Chandelier.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Family-Room-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Hallway-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Kitchen-Light.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Light.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-Mood-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-Off-The-TV.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Air-Conditioner.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Bar-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Chandelier.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Family-Room-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Hallway-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Kitchen-Light.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Light.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-Mood-Lights.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Turning-On-The-TV.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Vacate-The-Premises.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Water-Detected-In-Basement.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Water-Detected-In-Garage.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Water-Detected-In-Kitchen.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Welcome-Home.wav
US-EN-Morgan-Freeman-Wife-Is-Arriving.wav
</code></pre>
</div>
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<h1 class="title indent">
NGINX
</h1>
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<hr class="divider">
<p>Using nginx as a proxy for Home Assistant allows you to serve Home Assistant securely over standard ports. This configuration file and instructions will walk you through setting up Home Assistant over a secure connection.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="1-get-a-domain-name-forwarded-to-your-ip" href="#1-get-a-domain-name-forwarded-to-your-ip"></a> 1. Get a domain name forwarded to your IP</h3>
<p>Chances are, you have a dynamic IP Address (your ISP changes your address periodically). If this is true, you can use a Dynamic DNS service to obtain a domain and set it up to update with you IP. If you purchase your own domain name, you will be able to easily get a trusted SSL certificate later.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="2-install-nginx-on-your-server" href="#2-install-nginx-on-your-server"></a> 2 Install nginx on your server</h3>
<p>This will vary depending on your OS. Check out Google for this. After installing, ensure that nginx is not running.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="3-obtain-an-ssl-certificate" href="#3-obtain-an-ssl-certificate"></a> 3. Obtain an SSL certificate</h3>
<p>There are two ways of obtaining an SSL certificate.</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="using-lets-encrypt" href="#using-lets-encrypt"></a> Using Lets Encrypt</h4>
<p>If you purchased your own domain, you can use https://letsencrypt.org/ to obtain a free, publicly trusted SSL certificate. This will allow you to work with services like IFTTT. Download and install per the instructions online and get a certificate using the following command.</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>./letsencrypt-auto certonly --standalone -d example.com -d www.example.com
</code></pre>
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<p>Instead of example.com, use your domain. You will need to renew this certificate every 90 days.</p>
<h4><a class="title-link" name="using-openssl" href="#using-openssl"></a> Using openssl</h4>
<p>If you do not own your own domain, you may generate a self-signed certificate. This will not work with IFTTT, but it will encrypt all of your Home Assistant traffic.</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 9999
sudo cp key.pem cert.pem /etc/nginx/ssl
sudo chmod 600 /etc/nginx/ssl/key.pem /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem
sudo chown root:root /etc/nginx/ssl/key.pem /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem
</code></pre>
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<h3><a class="title-link" name="4-create-dhparams-file" href="#4-create-dhparams-file"></a> 4. Create dhparams file</h3>
<p>As a fair warning, this file will take a while to generate.</p>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>cd /etc/nginx/ssl
sudo openssl dhparam -out dhparams.pem 2048
</code></pre>
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<h3><a class="title-link" name="5-install-configuration-file-in-nginx" href="#5-install-configuration-file-in-nginx"></a> 5. Install configuration file in nginx.</h3>
<p>Create a new file <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/nginx/sites-available/hass</code> and copy the configuration file at the bottom of the page into it.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="6-enable-the-home-assistant-configuration" href="#6-enable-the-home-assistant-configuration"></a> 6. Enable the Home Assistant configuration.</h3>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
sudo unlink default
sudo ln ../sites-available/hass default
</code></pre>
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<h3><a class="title-link" name="7-start-nginx" href="#7-start-nginx"></a> 7. Start NGINX.</h3>
<p>Double check this configuration to ensure all settings are correct and start nginx.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="8-port-forwarding" href="#8-port-forwarding"></a> 8. Port forwarding.</h3>
<p>Forward ports 443 and 80 to your server on your router. Do not forward port 8123.</p>
<h3><a class="title-link" name="nginx-config" href="#nginx-config"></a> NGINX Config</h3>
<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>http {
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
default upgrade;
'' close;
}
server {
# Update this line to be your domain
server_name example.com;
# These shouldn't need to be changed
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}
server {
# Update this line to be your domain
server_name example.com;
# Ensure these lines point to your SSL certificate and key
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;
# Use these lines instead if you created a self-signed certificate
# ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/key.pem;
# Ensure this line points to your dhparams file
ssl_dhparam /etc/nginx/ssl/dhparams.pem;
# These shouldn't need to be changed
listen 443 default_server;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains";
ssl on;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers "EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4";
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
proxy_buffering off;
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:8123;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_redirect http:// https://;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
}
}
}
</code></pre>
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Jupyter Notebooks
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<p>The <a href="http://jupyter.org/">Jupyter Notebooks</a> allows you to create and share documents that contain live code, equations, visualizations, and explanatory text directly in your browser. The web application what is formerly known as the IPython Notebook supports over 40 programming languages.</p>
<p>Visit <a href="https://try.jupyter.org/">https://try.jupyter.org/</a> to get a preview before you install it locally.</p>
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<p><a href="http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/home-assistant/home-assistant-notebooks/tree/master/">nbviewer</a> is rendering our notebooks online. GitHub is creating a preview as well.</p>
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<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/windows/'>AppDaemon on Windows </a></li>
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<a class='active' href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/'>Notebooks </a>
<ul>
<li><a class='active' href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/'>Introduction </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/installation/'>Installation </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/graph/'>Graph </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/api/'>Home Assistant API </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/database/'>Databsase </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/stats/'>Statistics </a></li>
</ul>
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<a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/'>iOS </a>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/basic/'>Basic notifications </a></li>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/examples/'>Examples </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/sounds/'>Sounds </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/architecture/'>Architecture </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/privacy_security_rate_limits/'>Privacy, rate limiting and security </a></li>
</ul>
<li>Advanced notifications</li>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/attachments/'>Attachments </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/content_extensions/'>Dynamic content </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/actions/'>Actionable notifications </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/requesting_location_updates/'>Requesting location updates </a></li>
</ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/location/'>Location Tracking </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/integration/'>Integration with other apps </a></li>
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Installation
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<hr class="divider">
<p>To run Jupyter Notebooks locally, an installation of <a href="http://jupyter.org/">Jupyter</a> is needed. Consider to run Jupyter in a <a href="/getting-started/installation-virtualenv/">virtualenv</a>.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>pip3 install jupyter matplotlib
</code></pre>
</div>
<p class="note warning">
Certain notebooks hosted in the <a href="https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant-notebooks">Home Assistant notebooks repository</a> require access to a running Home Assistant instance or parts of a Home Assistant installation. If you want to run those notebooks, install Home Assistant with <code class="highlighter-rouge">$ pip3 install homeassistant</code> as well.
</p>
<p>Now you are able to start the application.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>jupyter notebook
<span class="o">[</span>I 17:22:18.081 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /run/user/1000/jupyter/notebook_cookie_secret
<span class="o">[</span>I 17:22:18.921 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from <span class="nb">local </span>directory: /home/fabaff/home-assistant
<span class="o">[</span>I 17:22:18.921 NotebookApp] 0 active kernels
<span class="o">[</span>I 17:22:18.921 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at: http://localhost:8888/
<span class="o">[</span>I 17:22:18.922 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels <span class="o">(</span>twice to skip confirmation<span class="o">)</span>.
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Open <a href="http://localhost:8888/">http://localhost:8888/</a> in your browser. Press “New” -&gt; “Python3” to open a new notebook.</p>
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<img src="/images/screenshots/jupyter-new.png" />
</p>
<p>You will get an empty notebook with one cell. Cells can contain code or text. To get the output of a cell you need to execute them with “Cell” -&gt; “Run Cells” from the menu or by pressing the icon.</p>
<p class="img">
<img src="/images/screenshots/jupyter-notebook.png" />
</p>
<p>The downloadable version of this notebook is available in the <a href="https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant-notebooks/blob/master/first-notebook.ipynb">Home Assistant notebooks repository</a>.</p>
<p>As you can see is the workflow very similar to working directly with a Python shell. One advantage is that you can go back and forth as you please and save your work.</p>
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<li><a href='/docs/hassbian/integrations/'>Integrations </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/hassbian/upgrading/'>Upgrading </a></li>
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<li><a href='/docs/configuration/yaml/'>YAML </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/basic/'>Basic information </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/devices/'>Setting up devices </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/customizing-devices/'>Customizing devices and services </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/presence-detection/'>Presence Detection </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/troubleshooting/'>Troubleshooting </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/securing/'>Security Check Points </a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Advanced Configuration
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/remote/'>Remote access </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/packages/'>Packages </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/splitting_configuration/'>Splitting up the configuration </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/secrets/'>Storing Secrets </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/templating/'>Templating </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/group_visibility/'>Group Visibility </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/events/'>Events </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/configuration/state_object/'>State Objects </a></li>
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<li><a href='/docs/automation/trigger/'>Triggers </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/automation/condition/'>Conditions </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/automation/action/'>Actions </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/automation/templating/'>Templates </a></li>
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<a href='/docs/frontend/'>Frontend </a>
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<li><a href='/docs/frontend/mobile/'>Android/iOS Homescreen </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/frontend/webserver/'>Web server fingerprint </a></li>
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<li><a href='/docs/mqtt/logging/'>Logging </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/mqtt/processing_json/'>Processing JSON </a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href='/docs/ecosystem/'>Ecosystem </a>
<ul>
<li>
<a href='/docs/ecosystem/autostart/'>Autostart </a>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/autostart/systemd/'>systemd (Linux) </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/autostart/upstart/'>Upstart (Linux) </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/autostart/init.d/'>init.d (Linux) </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/autostart/macos/'>macOS </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/autostart/synology/'>Synology NAS </a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/'>AppDaemon </a>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/installation/'>Installation </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/configuration/'>Configuration </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/example_apps/'>Example Apps </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/running/'>Running AppDaemon </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/reboot/'>Starting AppDaemon at Reboot </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/operation/'>Operation </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/windows/'>AppDaemon on Windows </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/updating/'>Updating AppDaemon </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/tutorial/'>AppDaemon Tutorial </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/appdaemon/api/'>AppDaemon API Reference </a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href='/docs/ecosystem/hadashboard/'>HADashboard </a>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/hadashboard/installation/'>Installation </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/hadashboard/dash_config/'>Dashboard Configuration </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/hadashboard/hapush/'>HAPush </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/hadashboard/reboot/'>Reboot </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/hadashboard/updating/'>Updating HADashboard </a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/'>Notebooks </a>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/'>Introduction </a></li>
<li><a class='active' href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/installation/'>Installation </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/graph/'>Graph </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/api/'>Home Assistant API </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/database/'>Databsase </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/notebooks/stats/'>Statistics </a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/'>iOS </a>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/basic/'>Basic notifications </a></li>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/examples/'>Examples </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/sounds/'>Sounds </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/architecture/'>Architecture </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/privacy_security_rate_limits/'>Privacy, rate limiting and security </a></li>
</ul>
<li>Advanced notifications</li>
<ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/attachments/'>Attachments </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/content_extensions/'>Dynamic content </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/actions/'>Actionable notifications </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/notifications/requesting_location_updates/'>Requesting location updates </a></li>
</ul>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/location/'>Location Tracking </a></li>
<li><a href='/docs/ecosystem/ios/integration/'>Integration with other apps </a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
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